| Change log entry 71692 | |
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| Processed by: | richwarm (2021-03-02 04:40:20 GMT) |
| Comment: |
<< review queue entry 63412 - submitted by 'pzelchenko' >> Just spent several hours running around offices at Shanghai Jiaoda doing original research on this and have definitive explanations from the graduate school: 毕业证书 means certificate of graduation and until recently was conventionally presented together with the official diploma 学位证书 for full-time employment purposes. You could get part-time employment with the 毕业证书 alone. These days I think they don't worry about the actual 学位证书 for employment purposes, though it would be required to present for acceptance into a subsequent academic program. How to code these two entries for this is beyond me. Editors, please help. (By the way, mainland Chinese school officials here specifically specializing in diploma affairs had no idea what 文凭 means, although my Taiwanese friends understand it impicitly. That may call for a change to 文凭 entry as well.) ------------------------------------------------------ Editor: 1) It seems there are four levels when a student exits a school: 1. 肄业证书 certificate of study (didn't finish the course) 2. 结业证书 certificate of completion (completed all courses but failed too many subjects to graduate) 3. 毕业证书 graduation certificate (did well enough to graduate) 4. 学位证书 degree certificate (did well enough to graduate, and also satisfied the requirements to be awarded a degree) 2) Zhihu question: 学位证和毕业证有什么区别？为什么奇葩的存在两个证书？ One answer: 学位证代表的是你的教育程度和学术水平达到规定标准的一种学术称号；毕业证只要你学期修满 ，成绩合格就能取得。 https://www.zhihu.com/question/22741161 3) The following webpage is a comprehensive overview in English: https://wenr.wes.org/2017/04/china-new-non-standardized-degree-certificate Here is an extract from it. <QUOTE> In the Chinese context, a degree certificate (or degree) signifies formal qualification at a specific level of academic achievement, while a graduation certificate merely indicates whether or not a student has graduated. Graduation from programs at any level depends on completion of required coursework, as well as additional requirements, such as short-term or long-term internships, social practice, external English tests, or a thesis. Upon completion, students are typically awarded two types of certification: · A graduation certificate issued directly by the institution · A degree certificate issued by the Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council A graduation certificate is a prerequisite for receiving a degree. In cases where the student does not meet the requirements for a degree, they may still receive the graduation certificate. <UNQUOTE> |
| Diff: |
- 畢業證書 毕业证书 [bi4 ye4 zheng4 shu1] /diploma/CL:張|张[zhang1],本[ben3]/ # + 畢業證書 毕业证书 [bi4 ye4 zheng4 shu1] /diploma/(mainland China: certificate of graduation, not the official diploma 学位证书 for academic purposes)CL:張|张[zhang1],本[ben3]/ + 畢業證書 毕业证书 [bi4 ye4 zheng4 shu1] /(PRC) (since 1985) graduation certificate, which certifies that the student has graduated, but not necessarily met all requirements to be awarded a degree certificate 學位證書|学位证书[xue2 wei4 zheng4 shu1]/(1981-1985) graduation certificate, which certified that the student graduated, and, if it included a final sentence indicating a degree type, also certified that the student met all the requirements for a degree/ # # Extra: - 學位證書 学位证书 [xue2 wei4 zheng4 shu1] /diploma/ + 學位證書 学位证书 [xue2 wei4 zheng4 shu1] /diploma (for a degree)/degree certificate/ |