These are the actual changes to CC-CEDICT reviewed and processed by the editors.
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| Change log entry 73012 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2021-06-16 11:59:53 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 68759 - submitted by 'sl89' >> 【Wenlin】 p[lace].w[ord]. reinforcements; relief troops 【Pleco】 NOUN relief troops; reinforcements 【LAC】 援兵；前来援助的军队。 | 打退敌人～ | ～及时赶到。 【MoE】 增援的軍隊。如：「正當危急之際，忽傳援軍已至，我方士氣大振。」 【规范词典】 名 援兵 | 阻截敌人援军。 援军很快就能赶到常德来了 Reinforcements will be at Changde shortly. 战士们拼死坚守阵地，直到援军到来。 The soldiers held the fort desperately till reinforcement arrived. 曹爽及其门生认为，凭借数量上的优势，他们的军队可以轻易在蜀汉援军到来前攻克汉中。 Cao Shuang and his protégés concluded that with numerical superiority, their army could easily conquer Hanzhong before Shu reinforcements arrive. 但对骑士团而言，幸运的是，普鲁士人缺少团结，步调不一，且援军最终在1265年左右到达普鲁士。 Luckily for the Order, the Prussians lacked unity and a common strategy and reinforcements finally reached Prussia in around 1265. 对于维持和平行动的需求如此之大，是因为联合国的预防性外交和冲突预防措施没有效力，以及因为维持和平行动本身已经转变成为冲突管理特派团，东道国对它们的依赖性越来越大，把它们作为了本国国防和安全能力的援军。 Peacekeeping operations were in such high demand because of the inefficacy of United Nations preventive diplomacy and conflict prevention, and because the operations themselves had been transformed into conflict-management missions, creating an increasing dependence on them by the host countries as reinforcement for their own defence and security capabilities. |
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+ 援軍 援军 [yuan2 jun1] /(military) reinforcements/ |
| Change log entry 73000 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2021-06-15 16:08:51 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 68007 - submitted by 'longjiang' >> New HSK 5 #108 |
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# 城裡 城里 [cheng2 li3] /in the city/ |
| Change log entry 72945 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2021-06-09 17:07:57 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 68712 - submitted by 'haton' >> from the definition of 緻|致, I assume this is the correct traditional form, not 雅致 Editor: assuming is trying to bend the Chinese language to our feeble minds. 1) my Tw paper dict only gives 雅致, which means it's the widely accepted variant 2) MoE has both 雅緻 and 雅致, with similar defs and examples I am copying in extenso the content of the *very first hit* I got when asking Google: 語文信箱主持人： 我是小學語文教師，現有一詞向您請教。事緣小學五年級下冊的《中國語文》(燕京出版社)，有一課《遊海洋公園》，文中有“雅緻”一詞。我們在集體備課時，有一位老師拿出《現代漢語詞典》，說“雅緻”是錯的，應為“雅致”。另一位老師則拿出《廣州音字典》來，說“緻”的簡化字是“致”，港澳使用着繁體字，故應寫作“雅緻”；並翻出幾份港澳報紙，確有“雅緻”一詞。也有老師說，“雅致”、“雅緻”兩種用法都有，可以相通，不用爭了。究竟這三種意見，哪一種對?我很想得過明白，特寫信向您請教，請能抽空答覆! 袁丁 袁丁老師： 多謝您的來信!您那種尋根究源的探討精神，真令人欽佩。就讓我們一起來探討一下“雅緻”與“雅致”的問題吧。 不錯，“緻”的簡化字是“致”。但在繁體字中，“緻”與“致”卻是兩個不同的字。 “緻”的義項較少。一指細密，如細緻、精緻、工緻等。二指練、繒一類的絲織品，以質地細密而稱。 “致”的義項較多。有表達(如“致敬”的“致”)、給予(如“致送”的“致”)、達到(如“以致”的“致”)、歸還(如“致仕”的“致”)、引來(如“招致”的“致”一等等。上述各個義項不會與“緻”混淆。容易混淆的有如下兩個義項： 一是表示意態、情趣的“致”，如風致、情致、趣致、雅致、韻致、逸致、興致、景致、別致等。 二是表示細密的“致”，可通“緻”的第一義項。即“細緻”也可寫成“細致”。但作為絲織品的“緻”，卻不能寫作“致”。 綜上所述，如果我們要區分“緻”、“致”二字的義項，便可用“記少棄多”的辦法。即只需記住：細密的、和細密的絲織品才用“緻”，其餘的均用“致”。 而“雅致”一詞是表示“美觀而不落俗套”，含意態、情趣之意，不是細密之意，所以，只能用“致”，不能用“緻”。 再翻閱中國大陸出版的繁體字本《辭源》和台灣出版的《大辭典》，均只有“雅致”一詞，而沒有“雅緻”的。前者“雅致”釋為“風雅的意趣”，後者將“雅致”注為“高雅的情致”。無論是“意趣”或“情致”，都只能用“致”。 可見，小學課本以及港澳某些報紙所用的“雅緻”是錯的，應改正為“雅致”。 |
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# - 雅致 雅致 [ya3 zhi4] /elegant/refined/in good taste/ # + 雅緻 雅致 [ya3 zhi4] /elegant/refined/in good taste/ |
| Change log entry 72930 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2021-06-08 16:05:59 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 68702 - submitted by 'matsudesutakadesu' >> Editor: take it up with MoE (Taiwan's Minister of Education) They have these words with 表, although I would write 錶 without even thinking. As to 碼, it does not seem to make more sense here. Of course all these spellings exist. Sometimes people like to write the more complicated char they can think of . |
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# - 馬表 马表 [ma3 biao3] /stopwatch/ # + 碼錶 马表 [ma3 biao3] /stopwatch/ |
| Change log entry 72929 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2021-06-08 16:01:39 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 68701 - submitted by 'matsudesutakadesu' >> . |
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# - 秒表 秒表 [miao3 biao3] /stopwatch/ # + 秒錶 秒表 [miao3 biao3] /stopwatch/ |
| Change log entry 72928 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2021-06-08 16:01:00 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 68703 - submitted by 'matsudesutakadesu' >> . |
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# - 停表 停表 [ting2 biao3] /stopwatch/(sports) to stop the clock/ # + 停錶 停表 [ting2 biao3] /stopwatch/(sports) to stop the clock/ |
| Change log entry 72927 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2021-06-08 15:50:42 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 68639 - submitted by 'matsudesutakadesu' >> according to cambridge dic Editor: I see no change in this |
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# 實現 实现 [shi2 xian4] /to achieve/to implement/to realize/to bring about/to fulfill/ |
| Change log entry 72797 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2021-05-26 15:33:04 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 68056 - submitted by 'longjiang' >> New HSK 7-9 #691 |
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# 大筆 大笔 [da4 bi3] /large sum (of money)/(honorific) your great penmanship/ |
| Change log entry 72791 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2021-05-24 19:03:35 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 68557 - submitted by 'richwarm' >> 鹜 → 骛 PLC K HDC NA NC CCD XHC |
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- 外鶩 外鹜 [wai4 wu4] /to get involved in things which are not one's business/ + 外騖 外骛 [wai4 wu4] /to get involved in things which are not one's business/ |
| Change log entry 72790 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2021-05-24 18:30:00 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 68579 - submitted by 'malcolm_schonfield' >> According to 现代规范汉语词典, 教学 can be pronounced in two ways: a) jiao4 xue2 (which is already in cc-cedict) and b) jiao1 xue2. Interestingly it states that these different pronunciations carry different meanings. I have looked at several dictionaries but I am not sure I have really understood what that difference is! So this proposal isn't necessarily correct. In any case it seems to be clear the cc-cedict needs an additional entry for jiao1 xue2. Editor: well, what GF is saying is that 教學 is a (intransitive) verb. Which is news to me. I can find things like 你所在的学校开始线上教学了吗？ 作为教师，你开始线上教学了吗？ 又要线上教学了 but (your head will explode) here 教学 is not a verb: the whole expression 线上教学 (remote teaching) is used as a verb However I also find this 教师50多岁真不适合教学了？50多岁正是教师教学的鼎盛时期呢！ which sounds good. I'm not sure that people would necessarily pronounce jiao1xue2 though. I think "instruction" (in the limited sense of teaching) is a better word than "education" |
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# 教學 教学 [jiao1 xue2] /to teach/ # + 教學 教学 [jiao4 xue2] /teaching and studying/teaching/education/CL:門|门[men2],個|个[ge4]/ + 教學 教学 [jiao1 xue2] /to teach (as a professor)/ - 教學 教学 [jiao4 xue2] /to teach/teaching and learning/education/CL:門|门[men2],個|个[ge4]/ + 教學 教学 [jiao4 xue2] /teaching/instruction/CL:門|门[men2],個|个[ge4]/ |
| Change log entry 72789 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2021-05-24 12:45:04 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 67982 - submitted by 'longjiang' >> New HSK 1 #300 Editor: look at it this way: do you imagine someone looking up "please be seated" in a dictionary? |
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# 請坐 请坐 [qing3 zuo4] /please have a seat/ |
| Change log entry 72788 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2021-05-24 12:42:38 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 67986 - submitted by 'longjiang' >> New HSK 2 #34 |
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# 不太 不太 [bu4 tai4] /not very, not quite/ |
| Change log entry 72787 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2021-05-24 12:41:06 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 68386 - submitted by 'samsara' >> （车、船）开动行驶。 「轮船就要 开行」 |
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# 開行 开行 [kai1 xing2] /(of a car, train) to start operating/to start driving/ + 開行 开行 [kai1 xing2] /(of a bus, a train, a boat) to start off/ |
| Change log entry 72786 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2021-05-24 12:25:08 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 68377 - submitted by 'laconst83' >> http://finance.people.com.cn/n1/2021/0429/c1004-32091695.html |
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+ 首戰告捷 首战告捷 [shou3 zhan4 gao4 jie2] /to win the first battle/ |
| Change log entry 72784 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2021-05-24 12:22:55 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 68327 - submitted by 'laconst83' >> https://www.guancha.cn/ChanJing/2021_04_25_588705.shtml |
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# 猿輔導 猿辅导 [yuan2 fu3 dao3] /Yuanfudao, platform providing online courses/ |
| Change log entry 72783 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2021-05-24 12:21:09 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 68043 - submitted by 'longjiang' >> New HSK 7-9 #283 |
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# 不肯 不肯 [bu4 ken3] /to be unwilling, will not, would not, to refuse to/ |
| Change log entry 72782 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2021-05-24 12:20:04 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 68044 - submitted by 'longjiang' >> New HSK 7-9 #286 |
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# 不難 不难 [bu4 nan2] /not difficult/not difficult to (see, understand, imagine, discover)/ |
| Change log entry 72781 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2021-05-24 12:10:50 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 68568 - submitted by 'richwarm' >> I propose: 1. Delete "to play a role". I don't think 作用 means "to play a role". Rather, 起...作用 means "to play a ...role". In that expression,作用 just means "effect" or "function" or "impact", all of which are already in the definition. 2. Delete /CL:個|个[ge4]/ 3. Overhaul this sense: /corresponds to English -ity, -ism, -ization/ a) Usually "-ism" corresponds to 主义, but 作用 isn't about ideology. b) -ation is a more common equivalent of 作用. E.g. we have 烃化作用 alkylation, 沉积作用 sedimentation, etc. |
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- 作用 作用 [zuo4 yong4] /to act on/to affect/action/function/activity/impact/result/effect/purpose/intent/to play a role/corresponds to English -ity, -ism, -ization/CL:個|个[ge4]/ + 作用 作用 [zuo4 yong4] /to act on/to affect/action/function/activity/impact/result/effect/purpose/intent/(suffix) -ation, -tion etc, as in 抑制作用[yi4 zhi4 zuo4 yong4], inhibition/ |
| Change log entry 72780 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2021-05-24 12:01:52 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 68565 - submitted by 'samsara' >> 改掉了傻习惯，不再白花力气，备考便从烦心杂事变成了目标明确的行动. I got rid of the silly habits, no longer wasted effort, and exam preparation has changed from an annoying chore to a targeted action. Editor: 白花 is not a word; 白 has the distinct meaning of "in vain"; it can be constructed freely with a number of verbs, as in 白花, 白费, 白来, 白跑. For a learner it is important to recognize this, and not consider 白花 as a fixed expression. Case in point: 什么时候你感觉研究生白读了？ This question has been amply discussed among editors in the past decade, and the consensus, I think, is that CEdict is not an instant translation tool, but a tool for serious students of the language. Some things have to be learnt (in class or thru experience). However, it is also recognized that sometimes having a construct in the dict is practically the only way to explain a specific meaning. Not a black-and-white matter. You could argue that this use of 白 is insufficiently emphasized in CEdict (probably true). You could also propose that expressions like 白来世上走一遭 are sufficiently fixed and idiomatic to be in a dict (maybe) |
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# 白花 白花 [bai2 hua1] /to waste/to squander/ |
| Change log entry 72779 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2021-05-24 11:44:57 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 68569 - submitted by 'samsara' >> 到处都是碎片，被风吹得四处乱飞。 Pieces were falling from it right and left, and were blown about. 把在脑子里乱飞的所有需做事项和截止日期都扔到一张纸上，然后重新挪回日历上。 Throw all the things you need to do and deadlines that are flying in your head on a piece of paper, and then move it back to the calendar. Editor: you can 乱 a lot of actions, 乱跑, 乱讲, 乱动, 乱叫. If you don't accept 乱 as an independent actor, you are hindering your progress As to "in a mess", I am nonplussed. Hm, yeah |
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# 亂飛 乱飞 [luan4 fei1] /flying around/(fig.) in a mess/ |
| Change log entry 72774 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2021-05-24 08:06:28 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 68512 - submitted by 'samsara' >> asd |
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# 箭牌 箭牌 [jian4 pai2] /Wrigley (chewing gum company)/ + 箭牌 箭牌 [Jian4 pai2] /Wrigley (chewing gum company)/ |
| Change log entry 72771 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2021-05-24 06:11:42 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 68566 - submitted by 'samsara' >> 改掉了傻习惯，不再白花力气，备考便从烦心杂事变成了目标明确的行动 Editor: that would be the more common sense |
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- 備考 备考 [bei4 kao3] /(an appendix, note etc) for reference/ # + 備考 备考 [bei4 kao3] /(an appendix, note etc) for reference/to study for exams/exam preparation + 備考 备考 [bei4 kao3] /to prepare for an exam/(an appendix, note etc) for reference/ |
| Change log entry 72768 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2021-05-23 14:10:58 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 68570 - submitted by 'samsara' >> 构想拙劣的宽袍派对 Ill-conceived toga party. Editor: I never understood why people would want to read the Chinese translation of English books. Culturally, it's uninteresting. Linguistically, it ranges from stilted to awful. Why don't you start on 猫城记? It's easy, and fun. I'd say there is no real word to translate 'toga' in Chinese. Wp doesn't support 宽袍. How do you say 'toga' in English? 'toga': a Latin word Here, even 构想拙劣 sounds like a calque. It's correct Chinese, certainly; but an obvious translation of 'ill-conceived', not natural |
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# 寬袍 宽袍 [kuan1 pao2] /toga/ |
| Change log entry 72767 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2021-05-23 13:28:26 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 68039 - submitted by 'longjiang' >> New HSK 7-9 #253 Editor: Jesus, we already have both 不利 and 利於 and that last should be 有利于, because 利於 is a construct in literary Chinese |
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# 不利於 不利于 [bu4 li4 yu2] /unfavorable to, disadvantageous to, harmful to, detrimental to/ |
| Change log entry 72766 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2021-05-22 07:48:40 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 67987 - submitted by 'longjiang' >> New HSK 2 #44 Editor: same as 不一會 |
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# 不一會兒 不一会儿 [bu4 yi1 hui4 r] /soon, not long after/ |
| Change log entry 72637 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2021-05-09 19:21:04 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 68394 - submitted by 'sl89' >> Probably not the best definition. It's actually easier to understand it looking at the four characters than it is to describe accurately in English. 【Wenlin】 f[ixed].e[expression]. unfading; everlastingly new 【LAC】 虽经历很长时间，却显得更新、更好。 | 老店风华，〜。 【MoE】 經過長久的時間，不但沒有衰敗、陳舊，反而更新、更好。如：「儘管他們結婚已經二十年，夫妻間的感情卻歷久彌新。」 但对于仍然在职、规划自己职业生涯的人来说，有一个问题历久弥新：多久该换工作？ But for those still employed and managing their careers, there's a perennial question: How often should you change jobs? 这款经典纯银戒指以最高品质的原料制作，历久弥新、永不退流行。 Fashioned on a classic sterling silver band, the design is also a timeless style crafted with the highest quality Rather, we should stick with the time-honored policies that have made the United States the titan to topple in the first place: free trade, competitive markets, reasonable regulations and the rule of law. 确切地说，我们应该坚持那些历久弥新的政策，美国之所以能成为一个让别人想击倒的巨人，首先就是因为这些政策：自由贸易、竞争市场、合理监管和法治。 https://cn.nytimes.com/opinion/20190307/china-marco-rubio-republicans-industrial-policy-/dual/ The father reminds us of the old truth that the line between good and evil doesn’t run between people or classes; it runs straight through every human heart. 这个父亲让我们想起了一个历久弥新的真理。那就是，善恶不以人或阶级区分，每个人都有善恶两重性。 https://cn.nytimes.com/opinion/20140221/c21brooks/dual/ I could have gone on like that for years, just as I had with other therapists, because no matter what I said, or how I looked at my story, the emotional pain always felt fresh and new. 那样的治疗我本来可能会持续多年，就像我接受的其他治疗一样，因为不管我说什么，不管我如何看待自己的经历，精神上的痛苦永远历久弥新。 https://cn.nytimes.com/opinion/20141121/c21wolf/dual/ 感官的記憶，歷久彌新。 Sense memories can be almost timeless. https://www.taiwan-panorama.com/en/Articles/Details?Guid=1ada77c1-2304-4b9e-b316-efb03e72dfd0&langId=1&CatId=8 這門學科雖然新，卻再次印證「預防重於治療」這句老話的確歷久彌新。 Though a new field of study, its existence proves yet again the old adage that "an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure." https://www.taiwan-panorama.com/Articles/Details?Guid=13567d9e-6b9f-4fc7-a9f3-5df354735116 新竹的米粉、貢丸、竹塹餅，之所以有名，是因為它們都身經百年歷練，而且歷久彌新，堅持不退出流行行列。 Hsinchu's rice noodles, pork balls and meat pasties owe their reputation to the fact they have been produced for over a century, getting better with time and never losing their popularity. https://www.taiwan-panorama.com/Articles/Details?Guid=6471c0d1-2af4-4659-bf14-073a8e9f80f9 |
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# 歷久彌新 历久弥新 [li4 jiu3 mi2 xin1] /lit. still fresh despite its age/timeless/unfading/ + 歷久彌新 历久弥新 [li4 jiu3 mi2 xin1] /lit. long in existence but ever new (idiom)/timeless/unfading/ + 日久彌新 日久弥新 [ri4 jiu3 mi2 xin1] /see 歷久彌新|历久弥新[li4 jiu3 mi2 xin1]/ |
| Change log entry 72621 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2021-05-08 17:44:46 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 68409 - submitted by 'samsara' >> 5头奶牛在一棵大橡树附近安静地吃草。 Five cows graze serenely around a massive oak. Editor: when I make new subs I like to process some entries to "even the score". That one was easy, thanks |
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+ 吃草 吃草 [chi1 cao3] /to graze/to eat grass/ |
| Change log entry 72620 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2021-05-08 17:12:40 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 68418 - submitted by 'samsara' >> https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%88%9D%E6%8E%A2 1. 好，已经回顾了功能，下面来初探 "if" 语句。 OK, now that we've reviewed the function, we can take our first look at "if" statements. 2. 海南东寨港红树林土壤微生物初探。 Preliminary study on soil microorganisms in mangrove forests in Dongzhai Port, Hainan. |
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# 初探 初探 [chu1 tan4] /to tentatively explore/tentative exploration/ + 初探 初探 [chu1 tan4] /to conduct an exploratory foray into (an area of study, a market etc)/a preliminary study/ |
| Change log entry 72619 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2021-05-08 17:10:31 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 68286 - submitted by 'samsara' >> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mo_Dao_Zu_Shi |
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# 魔道祖師 魔道祖师 [mo2 dao4 zu3 shi1] /Mo dao zu shi (Chinese donghua series)/ |
| Change log entry 72618 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2021-05-08 17:08:37 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 68306 - submitted by 'laconst83' >> https://www.guancha.cn/economy/2021_04_23_588520.shtml |
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# 經常賬戶 经常账户 [jing1 chang2 zhang4 hu4] /current account (in international trade)/ + 經常賬戶 经常账户 [jing1 chang2 zhang4 hu4] /current account (economics)/ |
| Change log entry 72617 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2021-05-08 17:03:11 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 68326 - submitted by 'laconst83' >> https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E7%9B%92%E9%A9%AC%E9%B2%9C%E7%94%9F |
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# 盒馬鮮生 盒马鲜生 [he2 ma3 xian1 sheng1] /Hema, fresh food supermarket, subsidiary of Alibaba/ |
| Change log entry 72616 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2021-05-08 17:02:58 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 68331 - submitted by 'laconst83' >> https://www.guancha.cn/ChanJing/2021_04_25_588705.shtml |
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# 侯毅 侯毅 [Hou2 Yi4] /Hou Yi, founder and CEO of Hema/ |
| Change log entry 72615 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2021-05-08 16:57:05 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 68458 - submitted by 'samsara' >> 但假称悬而未决的贸易协定是实现出口目标的关键，则不够诚实。 But it is simply dishonest to pretend that pending trade deals are pivotal in achieving the export target. |
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# 假稱 假称 [jia3 cheng1] /to falsely claim/to lie/ + 假稱 假称 [jia3 cheng1] /to claim falsely/ |
| Change log entry 72614 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2021-05-08 16:56:00 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 68451 - submitted by 'samsara' >> 既然假毛儿在反校霸倡议中已经达到了捉弄人的级别，他肯定不止一次听说过这个话题。 Since Jamal has reached the level of teasing people in the anti-bullying initiative, he must have heard of this topic more than once. |
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# 校霸 校霸 [xiao4 ba4] /bully/school bully/ + 校霸 校霸 [xiao4 ba4] /school bully/ |
| Change log entry 72613 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2021-05-08 16:53:24 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 68459 - submitted by 'samsara' >> 躬身，汉语词语，拼音是gōng shēn，意思是自身，自己；亲自，亲身；俯屈身体，以示恭敬。 [1] |
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- 躬身 躬身 [gong1 shen1] /to bow/ # + 躬身 躬身 [gong1 shen1] /to bow/oneself + 躬身 躬身 [gong1 shen1] /to bow/personally/ |
| Change log entry 65149 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2018-02-08 03:13:34 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 61636 - submitted by 'richwarm' >> 推力 can mean both - a force driving sth away (repulsion) - a force driving sth forward (propulsion) It also has figurative usage ("impetus"). See the "propulsion" section below. "thrust' -- see the very last example below. ------------------------------------------ REPULSION 「降價是吸力、漲價是推力」 "Price cuts attract, price hikes repel." 外遇說穿了就是家裡的「推力」和外面的「拉力」間的對決。 Extramarital affairs are fueled by a push from within the family and a pull from without. 眼前投資環境惡化是推力， The deteriorating investment environment just now is a disincentive, 較少虛心檢討家庭的「推力」 very few will think seriously about what things in the family were "pushing" the child out 扮演推力，讓他們不得不出國工作 what social factors force them to go abroad to work 父母的責怪是「推力」，只會把孩子越推越遠；換個角度，支持和鼓勵則永遠是最好的「拉力」，讓家人永遠凝聚在一起。 Parental blame is a repelling force; it only pushes children further away. On the other hand, support and encouragement are always the best attracting forces, keeping families close together. 當澳洲開始「與亞洲為善」時，台灣內部正有一波「出走」的推力。 While Australia was beginning to develop this closer relationship with Asia, a wave of emigration was emerging in Taiwan. 形成一股出走的推力。 [leaving HK residents feeling that they have little space within which to exist] and motivating them to get out. ----------------------------- PROPULSION 鴨子划水，水面動作不多，水下，為了讓鴨腳每划一步都產生最大的推力，腳長到了身體後半段， When ducks are paddling in water, above the surface they hardly appear to be doing anything, but under the water, to make every stroke of their webbed feet produce the greatest possible forward thrust, their legs are positioned at the rear of their bodies. 這種愛會傳染的，整個部落好像都受到了一種強大的推力， This kind of love is contagious. It seemed as if the entire village had received a strong push; 「股東行動主義」席捲歐美各地，與消費者、環保、勞工團體，形成要求企業行善的巨大推力。 "Shareholder activism" has taken Europe and the US by storm and together with consumer, environmental and labor groups, has led to the formation of an enormous force demanding corporations "do good." 也是翻譯書在台灣得以遍地開花的最大推力吧。 [This irrepressible passion for reading and discovering the world] is also the catalyst behind Taiwan's burgeoning translated book market. 除了便捷的網路近用性等外部因素，社會的集體推力更不容忽視。 we cannot afford to overlook the power of familial and social factors. 中國大陸崛起帶來的企業商機，是近年華語熱的主要推力。 the main driving force behind Chinese learning is the rise of mainland China’s economy, 早期噴射引擎推力一磅要價一萬元， in the past jet engines cost NT$10,000 for every pound of thrust, |
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+ 推力 推力 [tui1 li4] /driving force/impetus/thrust (of a boat or aeroplane engine)/repelling force/ |
| Change log entry 65148 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2018-02-08 02:52:57 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 61743 - submitted by 'richwarm' >> > 公哈 male husky > 母哈 female husky > 二哈 silly but cute husky 哈士奇有一個暱稱「二哈」，因為牠們古靈精怪呆萌逗趣的個性和表現常常讓人捧腹大笑。那麼是不是所有的哈士奇都帶有二哈基因呢？在這裡我們列舉了要如何確認你家. |
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- 哈 哈 [ha1] /(interj.) ha!/(onom. for laughter)/(slang) to be infatuated with/to adore/ + 哈 哈 [ha1] /(interj.) ha!/(onom. for laughter)/(slang) to be infatuated with/to adore/abbr. for 哈士奇[ha1 shi4 qi2], husky (dog)/ |
| Change log entry 65144 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2018-02-07 20:41:53 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 61746 >> 混合 can also be an adjective, as in 混合動力車, 混合证券, etc. Relevant English/Chinese definitions: - composite; formed or composed of heterogeneous elements. - 夾雜摻和 Editor: 混合 is a verb, meaning simply 'mix'. But it can do no harm to add glosses that would come to mind when it is used in compounds; as long as point #1 is well understood. Adding to your change, since I work with composite materials which I would, with no hesitation, call 混合物 |
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- 混合 混合 [hun4 he2] /to mix/to blend/ # + 混合 混合 [hun4 he2] /to mix/to blend/hybrid/ + 混合 混合 [hun4 he2] /to mix/to blend/hybrid/composite/ |
| Change log entry 65040 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2018-01-24 12:30:10 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 61481 - submitted by 'richwarm' >> 1) If "plastic (arts)" is correct, and I think it probably is, then I think we should have a separate entry for "plastic arts". 2) I can't see that "flexible" would be right. ---------------------- TP 塑造角色時，他參考了兩個原型， For the role, Wu looked to two models: 這就是大陸作曲家塑造台灣風味的一段「插曲」。 It's just one stanza in some mainlanders' efforts to catch a Taiwanese flavor in their music. 樣板戲最為人詬病的地方是人物塑造， Character treatment was the most criticized aspect of model operas. 在藝術創新上，也塑造了一個丑角兼老生的生動形象。 It too broke some artistic conventions in creating a lively character that combined two traditional Peking opera roles: the old man and the clown. 跟硬體設備的改善同步，如今的補習班極講究包裝，極力塑造出溫暖、親切的形象。 Keeping pace with improvements in equipment, buxibans also pay great attention to packaging, taking enormous pains to produce a warm, intimate image. 而投入的資金越多，又進一步推動景氣、帶動買氣，塑造出更大的市場，吸引更多的人和錢進來，形成良性循環。 And the more that is invested, the better overall economic conditions will get, spurring consumption. This will create a bigger market and attract still more investment in a self-reinforcing cycle. 中共就利用香港媒體塑造兩岸緊張氣氛， used the Hong Kong media to create tension between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait 為Acer塑造了很高的形象。 to create an excellent image for Acer. 大哥大缺門號，對力圖塑造新形象的中華電信來說， For Chunghwa, which is earnestly striving to rebuild its image, 邱毅提出忠告：立委要塑造「工運代言人」形象， Chou Yi said that if legislators want to create an image for themselves as the "spokesman for the labor movement" 唯有真正解決高雄的環境污染問題，塑造城市的特色，才能產生實質的『都市拉力』。 Only solving the pollution problem and creating a special city character will produce real 'city charm.' |
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- 塑造 塑造 [su4 zao4] /to model/to mold/plastic (arts)/flexible/to portray (in sculpture or in words)/ + 塑造 塑造 [su4 zao4] /to model/to mold/(fig.) to create (a character, a market, an image etc)/(literature) to portray (in words)/ |
| Change log entry 65038 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2018-01-23 19:12:40 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 61554 - submitted by 'sl89' >> In video games, 道具 is often used as a translation for item, this is likely the most common use for this word currently. 在游戏中，道具是一些可以被玩家获取、搜集的物品。这些物品有各式各样的功能，有些对玩家有益，例如可以恢复角色生命的治疗药水；有些对玩家有害，例如被诅咒的盔甲；有些没有特别的功能；有些则是与任务相关。 https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B8%B8%E6%88%8F%E9%81%93%E5%85%B7 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Item_(gaming) 游戏里也有道具，游戏中的道具是给玩家提供方便的物品。如网络游戏的道具通常通过花钱购买而获得的，这“钱”分为玩游戏时获得的游戏币或人民币，每款游戏的都有不同的道具。 https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E9%81%93%E5%85%B7/6211185 http://daoju.qq.com/mall/ Tencent's 道具城 video game item store Editor: I guess 道具 means 'item' even more generally. In French we have 'accessoire' with a meaning which extends well beyond theater props. Maybe 'paraphernalia' covers that |
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- 道具 道具 [dao4 ju4] /prop (theater)/paraphernalia/ # + 道具 道具 [dao4 ju4] /prop (theater)/paraphernalia/item (gaming)/ + 道具 道具 [dao4 ju4] /prop (theater)/paraphernalia/(gaming) item/artifact/ |
| Change log entry 64955 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2018-01-09 08:22:59 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 61445 - submitted by 'richwarm' >> TP ~ 「……他們不先開火，我們就不能反擊；因為土共不穿軍服，穿著和每一個鄉下人一樣， We couldn't shoot at them unless they shot first-because the rural communists didn't wear uniforms. They wore what everyone else in the countryside wore. "For instance, we Chinese often CCP Tu-Gong, the literal meaning is earth-communism, which actually means the CCP is very down to earth and intimate with people." "It has somewhat evolved into a term that supporter of China/CCP would use. Because 土 is earth/soil/dirt in Chinese language. And toilers of the earth/field are peasant, CCP main supporter. 土共 became a term to remind themselves to be proud of their root." 在土共的领导下1949年新中国成立，结束近100年中华民族任人宰割的历史，面对近百年的凌辱穷困饥寒交迫的民族历史，让土共领导人下定决心要带领百废待兴的中国，要带领一穷二白的中国人民走一条前所未有，据说能通往乌托邦式美好理想世界的道路 [...] 我们坚定的相信它必将还会带领中华民族走向伟大的复兴，乃至引领世界，这就是大陆人民对土共的爱！ 土耳其共產黨（土耳其语：Türkiye Komünist Partisi），简称土共（TKP），是土耳其的一個共产主义政党。 https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%B1 Editor: last iteration from Richard |
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# 土共 土共 [Tu3 gong4] /(coll.) Chinese Communist (originally derogatory, but now not necessarily)/(abbr.) Communist Party of Turkey/Communist Party of Turkmenistan/ + 土共 土共 [Tu3 gong4] /(coll.) commie (derog., used by the KMT)/CCP, the party of the people (used by CCP supporters)/pro-Beijing camp (HK)/(abbr.) Communist Party of Turkey/Communist Party of Turkmenistan/ |
| Change log entry 64953 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2018-01-09 08:19:33 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 61492 - submitted by 'richwarm' >> 1) Not necessarily plural: 貨源多才會被利用來作為藥材， When there was sufficient supply, their shells became [a] common ingredient in traditional herbal prescriptions, 烏龜中其實還包含了軟甲的鱉，中藥商也利用鱉甲做藥材， There is also a market for the shells of soft-shelled turtles, which are likewise used to make medicines. 2) "medicinal" seems more appropriate than "drug" since 藥材 tends to come up in the context of TCM, where the products tend to be called "medicines" rather than "drugs". |
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- 藥材 药材 [yao4 cai2] /drug ingredients/ + 藥材 药材 [yao4 cai2] /medicinal ingredient/ |
| Change log entry 64952 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2018-01-09 08:15:39 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 61452 - submitted by 'richwarm' >> Yves' suggestion. upside down ~ 春节福字倒着贴还是顺贴 http://astro.women.sohu.com/20100210/n270181851.shtml I used (adverb) because "upside down" is commonly used as an adjective. ------------------------ GF ~ 照相機內的膠卷用完後, 倒著卷回原來的暗盒 LA @ 回文詩 ~ 可以倒著讀的詩, 多屬文字遊戲。 插秧時都是倒著走的，體悟「退步原來是向前」的意思。 Walking backwards and bent over while transplanting young rice plants into the paddies, the kids grasp for themselves the origins of the saying, “backing up is actually moving forward.” -------------------- By the way, GR also has dǎozhe ~ être allongé; étendu I guess that's for things like this: 在一棵倒着的老树上睡着了。 |
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# 倒著 倒着 [dao4 zhe5] /backwards/in reverse/upside down (adverb)/ - 倒 倒 [dao3] /to fall/to collapse/to overthrow/to fail/to go bankrupt/to change (trains or buses)/to move around/to resell at a profit/ + 倒 倒 [dao3] /to fall/to collapse/to lie horizontally/to overthrow/to fail/to go bankrupt/to change (trains or buses)/to move around/to resell at a profit/ + 倒著 倒着 [dao4 zhe5] /backwards/in reverse/upside down/ |
| Change log entry 64951 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2018-01-09 07:18:00 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 61521 - submitted by 'richwarm' >> 1) Hyphen needed in "full-time". ---------------- 2) TP examples for 部分工時 a) 可以確定的是，未來的人將面對更頻繁的工作流動，採取漸進式退休方式（全職工作→部分工時→退休），或藉由教育訓練開創第二春、第三春。以減緩高齡勞動參與率降低的衝擊。 What's certain is that in the future people will be facing a more fluid employment market and will stagger their retirements by first choosing to work part time. Otherwise, they may seek training for second or third careers. b) 「勞退新制應該把所有就業者一體納入，包括部分工時者、外包、約聘僱等， "The new labor pension system should cover all those with employment under the same roof, including part-time workers, outside contractors and those on renewable contracts. c) 例如創造部分工時與社區工作機會 |
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- 全時工作 全时工作 [quan2 shi2 gong1 zuo4] /full time work/ + 全時工作 全时工作 [quan2 shi2 gong1 zuo4] /full-time work/ + 部分工時 部分工时 [bu4 fen5 gong1 shi2] /part-time work/ |
| Change log entry 64950 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2018-01-09 07:15:05 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 61527 - submitted by 'richwarm' >> The 考 here is not about taking exams; it's about checking. 考 + 勤 = (lit.) checking diligence. See all the usual dicts. 考勤表 is a far more common word than 考勤簿 (by a factor of about 7 using GV). But we have 考勤簿 because that's the one that appears in other dictionaries. Here's a nice picture of a 考勤表: https://goo.gl/6LDE5U PLC and K have definitions for 考勤簿. It's also mentioned here: 考勤 : 考查工作或学习的出勤情况：～簿 。 http://xh.5156edu.com/html5/287828.html |
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- 考勤 考勤 [kao3 qin2] /exam records/attendance roll/ + 考勤 考勤 [kao3 qin2] /to check attendance (at school or workplace)/to monitor efficiency (of workers)/ - 考勤簿 考勤簿 [kao3 qin2 bu4] /exam attendance register/ + 考勤簿 考勤簿 [kao3 qin2 bu4] /attendance record book/ + 考勤表 考勤表 [kao3 qin2 biao3] /attendance sheet/ |
| Change log entry 64949 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2018-01-09 07:14:21 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 61520 - submitted by 'jjbeard' >> https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A6%82%E5%BF%B5%E9%AA%8C%E8%AF%81 |
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+ 概念驗證 概念验证 [gai4 nian4 yan4 zheng4] /proof of concept/ |
| Change log entry 64886 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2017-12-19 16:46:36 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 61336 - submitted by 'richwarm' >> This was changed from "to win at the lottery" at my suggestion. My sub was prompted by my perception that "win at the lottery" is not what you say when you win the first prize. Nor is it the best way say that you won *something* (not necessarily the first prize). In the latter case, I would suggest "to have a win in the lottery". And I think that's actually what 中乐透 means, now that I think about it. When people want to say they won *first* prize I think they tend to add something, like in 中樂透頭彩. Editor: well it seems some people do use "to win at the lottery" but anyway... |
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- 中樂透 中乐透 [zhong4 le4 tou4] /to win the lottery/ + 中樂透 中乐透 [zhong4 le4 tou4] /to have a win in the lottery/ |
| Change log entry 64876 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2017-12-16 19:53:36 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 61433 - submitted by 'richwarm' >> Just means "publicize (宣传) by doing (做) advertising (广告)" ? - 糖果新品如何做广告宣传？ - 修脚店怎样做广告宣传 - 在全国的电视台上花费几百万的费用做广告宣传，目的就是为了宣传企业的 ... |
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- 做廣告宣傳 做广告宣传 [zuo4 guang3 gao4 xuan1 chuan2] /to advertise/to make propaganda for sth/ # after discussion, Rich's: + 廣告宣傳 广告宣传 [guang3 gao4 xuan1 chuan2] /advertising/publicity/promotion/ + 廣告宣傳畫 广告宣传画 [guang3 gao4 xuan1 chuan2 hua4] /placard/poster/ + 廣告宣傳車 广告宣传车 [guang3 gao4 xuan1 chuan2 che1] /mobile billboard/ |
| Change log entry 64827 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2017-12-09 13:10:43 GMT) |
| Comment: |
<< review queue entry 61396 - submitted by 'richwarm' >> 邱茂英已提出農漁會管理一元化的初步構想， Tjiu has already put forth a preliminary concept for the unification of management of these associations. 「聯考是絕對的一元化，入學管道一元化，分數也一元化。」 "The joint entrance exam represents complete standardization. With it, there is only one standard for admissions, and one standard for scoring." 「評量方式扼殺了下一代思考空間，這種一元化的入學制度一定要改，」 "The evaluation methods smothered these youngsters, so that they had no space to think. And it was all the system's fault. Standardized admissions had to be changed." 唐飛則表明將建立一元化救災機制， Tang Fei has announced that an integrated emergency response system will be established, 由納骨塔事業走向殯葬一元化。 Columbarium operators moved into funeral services, 新法將合併監理銀行、證券、期貨、保險業者，建立一元化的金融監理制度。 The new law establishes a unified mechanism for overseeing the banking, securities, futures and insurance industries. 廣設大學讓人生選項一元化， The creation of many universities means that people's life choices become more uniform, 「金融監理一元化」 "unified financial supervision" 員山福園是全台首座依「喪葬一元化」理念開發的公墓， Yuanshan Fuyuan is the first public cemetery in Taiwan to integrate the funeral and burial processes. 茶農自己可以製茶、賣茶，打造「產製銷」一元化。 bringing cultivation, manufacturing, and sales all under one roof. |
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+ 一元化 一元化 [yi1 yuan2 hua4] /integration/integrated/unified/ |
| Change log entry 64791 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2017-12-03 17:39:45 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 61348 - submitted by 'richwarm' >> 拖船 Miles changed ii's "tow" to "a tow". I can't imagine which noun sense of "tow" it could be. It was an error, I presume. I think it was the verb in sense #2 of LA ~ 1. 一種機動有力的小船，裝有拖曳設備，用來拉動或推動大輪船、竹筏、竹排等。也作「拖輪」。 2. 拖拉船舶。例 「他家以拖船為業」。 boat towed by a tugboat ~ see GF Compare our entry 拖車 拖车 [tuo1 che1] /to tow/towed vehicle/towing vehicle/ ------------------------------- 拖輪 "a tow"? - see my comments above. All my Pleco dicts say it's a boat. I don't think any sense of "a tow" is a boat. |
| Diff: |
- 拖船 拖船 [tuo1 chuan2] /a tow/tugboat/ + 拖船 拖船 [tuo1 chuan2] /tugboat/boat towed by a tugboat/to tow a boat/ - 拖輪 拖轮 [tuo1 lun2] /a tow/tugboat/ + 拖輪 拖轮 [tuo1 lun2] /tugboat/ |