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Change log entry 72551
Processed by: richwarm (2021-05-03 23:55:49 GMT)
Comment: << review queue entry 68421 - submitted by 'michaelchen' >>
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E4%BD%A2
---------------------------------

Editor: thanks
nice to hear from you again
Diff:
- 佢 佢 [qu2] /he (Cantonese)/Mandarin equivalent: 他[ta1]/
# + 佢 佢 [qu2] /he, she, it (Cantonese)/Mandarin equivalent: 他[ta1]/
+ 佢 佢 [qu2] /(Cantonese) he, she, it/

Change log entry 71320
Processed by: richwarm (2021-01-24 07:10:00 GMT)
Comment: << review queue entry 66922 - submitted by 'michaelchen' >>
The direct object of 搜索 can either be either a place to search or something to search for, though the latter seems much more common. Examples from LINE:

巨大的探照灯正搜索着天空。
jùdà de tànzhàodēng zhèng sōusuŏ zhe tiānkōng 。
Big searchlights are searching the sky.

派飞机去搜索幸存者。
pài fēijī qù sōusuŏ xìngcúnzhĕ
A plane was detached to search for survivors.

搜索baidu吧。
Sōusuǒ baidu ba.
Look it up on Baidu.
---------------------------------

Editor:
1) OK, let's have "to search for" as well as "to search".
Another example:
在网上可以快速搜索到最新的新闻、...


2) Re: "to search (a place, search engine, etc)"

In particular, the 2nd part: "to search a search engine".

That's presumably intended to cover expressions like 搜索baidu吧。
But people don't search search engines for sth; they search *on* search engines.
(Like your example says "... on Baidu.")
So you would need to reword the definition -- e.g. "to search (a place); to search on (a search engine)".

However, I think "to search (a database)" covers that sort of thing just fine.
"Look it up on Baidu" can be regarded as shorthand for "Look it up on Baidu's database of webpages."

Here's another example for "search (a database)"
想找书很容易,你可以按书名或作者搜索,也可以按价格搜索。
Diff:
- 搜索 搜索 [sou1 suo3] /to search (a place)/to search (a database etc)/
# + 搜索 搜索 [sou1 suo3] /to search for (sb or st in a place, search engine, etc)/to search (a place, search engine, etc)/
+ 搜索 搜索 [sou1 suo3] /to search (a place)/to search (a database)/to search for (sth)/

Change log entry 71319
Processed by: richwarm (2021-01-24 06:27:10 GMT)
Comment: << review queue entry 67416 - submitted by 'michaelchen' >>
https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%AC%E5%B3%B6%E8%90%B5%E8%8B%A3
Diff:
- A菜 A菜 [A cai4] /(Tw) lettuce (from Taiwanese 萵仔菜, Tai-lo pr. [ue-á-tshài] or [e-á-tshài])/
# + A菜 A菜 [A cai4] /(Tw) A-choy (Lactuca sativa var. sativa, from Taiwanese 萵仔菜, Tai-lo pr. [ue-á-tshài] or [e-á-tshài])/
+ ! A菜 A菜 [A cai4] /(Tw) A-choy, or Taiwanese lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. sativa) (from Taiwanese 萵仔菜, Tai-lo pr. [ue-á-tshài] or [e-á-tshài])/

Change log entry 71316
Processed by: richwarm (2021-01-24 06:12:11 GMT)
Comment: << review queue entry 66925 - submitted by 'michaelchen' >>
Pleco: cross the threshold; learn the rudiments of a subject
学英语入门并不难, 学好可不容易。
Xué Yīngyǔ rùmén bìng bù nán, xuéhǎo kě bù róngyì.
Rudimentary English is easy to acquire, but mastery of the language is quite difficult.

我学桥牌还没入门呢。
Wǒ xué qiáopái hái méi rùmén ne.
I don’t even know the ABC of bridge yet.
Diff:
- 入門 入门 [ru4 men2] /entrance door/to enter a door/introduction (to a subject)/
+ 入門 入门 [ru4 men2] /entrance door/to enter a door/introduction (to a subject)/to learn the basics of a subject/

Change log entry 71315
Processed by: richwarm (2021-01-24 05:47:54 GMT)
Comment: << review queue entry 66928 - submitted by 'michaelchen' >>
奥数 seems to often be used generically, not specifically for the International Mathematics Olympiad competition.For example: "现在很多奥数考试获得证书可以给孩子升初中时加分,所有很多家长都希望在孩子升初初中这个竞争激烈的环境下让孩子能有一些分数的优势。" — "Nowadays, getting a certificate in many mathematical olympiad exams can give children extra points when they enter junior high school. All many parents hope that children can have some score advantages in the highly competitive environment of children entering junior high school." (http://www.360doc.com/content/17/0622/21/40150287_665630120.shtml) Also, 小学奥数 is probably not referring to elementary school kids doing IMO problems.
"Olympiad math" is not a common phrase in English compared to "math olympiad", but "olympiad", strictly speaking, refers to a competition.
--------------------------------

Editor: I think you can call the generic type "competition math".
Diff:
# 奧數 奥数 [ao4 shu4] /olympiad mathematics/
+ 奧數 奥数 [ao4 shu4] /olympiad mathematics/competition math/

Change log entry 71314
Processed by: richwarm (2021-01-24 05:36:31 GMT)
Comment: << review queue entry 66936 - submitted by 'michaelchen' >>
Pleco, LINE
烹饪是好的拿手好戏。
付帐单是你的拿手好戏。
体育你是内行,那个足球问题该是你的拿手好戏了。
Diff:
# 拿手好戲 拿手好戏 [na2 shou3 hao3 xi4] /lit. the play or drama that one performs best (idiom)/fig. area of specialty or expertise/
+ 拿手好戲 拿手好戏 [na2 shou3 hao3 xi4] /the role an actor plays best (idiom)/(fig.) one's specialty/one's forte/

Change log entry 71313
Processed by: richwarm (2021-01-24 05:06:44 GMT)
Comment: << review queue entry 67373 - submitted by 'michaelchen' >>
Seems remarkably common, enough so to be its own entry. Wiktionary has an entry at https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%98%93%E6%8F%AE%E7%99%BC
Examples from http://www.ichacha.net/search.aspx?q=%E6%8C%A5%E5%8F%91&l=en; e.g.,
较易挥发的液态烃,又称气体凝析液。
这种重的,易挥发的液体有一个特性,即有令人讨厌的气味。
易挥发原油物性分析方法
Diff:
+ 易揮發 易挥发 [yi4 hui1 fa1] /volatile/

Change log entry 71312
Processed by: richwarm (2021-01-24 05:05:55 GMT)
Comment: << review queue entry 67401 - submitted by 'michaelchen' >>
Can include physical sexual advances, not just flirting. Add an example to show where the "object" goes.
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%90%83%E8%B1%86%E8%85%90
https://chinese.stackexchange.com/questions/1042/what-is-the-exact-meaning-of-%E5%90%83%E8%B1%86%E8%85%90-and-where-does-the-expression-come-from
https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E5%90%83%E8%B1%86%E8%85%90#%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2
Diff:
- 吃豆腐 吃豆腐 [chi1 dou4 fu5] /to eat tofu/(fig.) to flirt/to tease/
# + 吃豆腐 吃豆腐 [chi1 dou4 fu5] /to eat tofu/(fig.) to flirt/to make sexual advances on someone/to take advantage of someone/ex: 吃她豆腐/
+ 吃豆腐 吃豆腐 [chi1 dou4 fu5] /to take liberties with (a woman)/to tease with sexual innuendo/to sexually harass/to take advantage of sb/

Change log entry 71311
Processed by: richwarm (2021-01-24 04:33:08 GMT)
Comment: << review queue entry 67085 - submitted by 'michaelchen' >>
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%94%B5
https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E6%94%B5
Diff:
+ 攵 攵 [pu1] /variant of 攴[pu1]/

Change log entry 71290
Processed by: richwarm (2021-01-22 06:42:07 GMT)
Comment: << review queue entry 67372 - submitted by 'michaelchen' >>
Defined by 现代汉语规范词典 as 动词:在常温下液态或固态物质变为气态向四周散布。

Examples of meaning "volatile" in compound words from http://www.ichacha.net/search.aspx?q=%E6%8C%A5%E5%8F%91&l=en; note that "volatile" does not mean the same thing as "volatilizing":

Determination for volatile matter of polyvinyl alcohol resins
聚乙烯醇树脂挥发分测定方法

Natural rubber latex concentrate - determination of volatile fatty acid number
挥发脂肪酸值的测定

Resin finishing agent - determination of the nonvolatile content
树脂整理剂中不挥发组分的测定方法

Classification for volatile matter of coal
煤的挥发分产率分级
-------------------------------------

Editor: Thanks. Our definition was not very good.

1) Examples ~

以免香味揮發掉,
keep the flavor from escaping

然後加入一點白蘭地「放火」,揮發酒精而保留酒香,
stir-frying briefly before flambéing with brandy, so that the alcohol is driven off but the scent retained,

接著不停翻攪,讓菌種均勻地包覆在黑豆外,再裝入大型竹簳中,讓水份揮發,
Next they're stirred constantly to mix the yeast in evenly with the beans, and then sifted through a large colander to help evaporate out the water.

在燃燒過程中會釋出大量的丁二烯和苯(燃燒時的毒性是常態揮發的5∼7倍),
And the aromatic essences and fuel additives in the low-quality stuff emit butadiene and benzene, known carcinogens whose toxicity increases five to seven times when burned.

例如夏天頂層的溫度超過攝氏40度,下層卻只有二十幾度,因此要將揮發較慢的大桶往上堆、揮發較快的小桶往下移。
To account for this, they stack large casks, from which spirits evaporate relatively slowly, at the top, and smaller casks, which have more rapid evaporation rates, down below.

===

2) 揮發性

a) 揮發性 as an attributive (volatile):

讓水中的揮發性有機物逸散。
to allow volatile substances in the water to escape.

免於揮發性毒氣污染
avoid exposure to volatile toxins and pollutants

b) Non-attributive usage of 揮發性 (volatility)

有些清潔劑成分有揮發性,
Some cleanser ingredients are volatile
Diff:
- 揮發 挥发 [hui1 fa1] /volatile/volatility/
# + 揮發 挥发 [hui1 fa1] /to volatilize or evaporate, especially at normal temperatures/(in compound words) volatile/
+ 揮發 挥发 [hui1 fa1] /to volatilize/to vaporize/to evaporate (esp. at ordinary temperatures)/(in compound words) volatile/
# extra edit:
- 揮發性 挥发性 [hui1 fa1 xing4] /volatility/
+ 揮發性 挥发性 [hui1 fa1 xing4] /volatility/volatile/

Change log entry 71255
Processed by: richwarm (2021-01-15 03:29:15 GMT)
Comment: << review queue entry 67414 - submitted by 'michaelchen' >>
她以前没接种过天花疫苗。She wasn't vaccinated against smallpox.
你需要接种疫苗。You need to get vaccinated.
韩国已开始在一些地区给牛接种疫苗。South Korea has begun inoculating cattle in some areas.
https://dict.naver.com/linedict/zhendict/dict.html#/cnen/example?query=%E6%8E%A5%E7%A7%8D&page=2
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english-chinese-simplified/vaccinate: 给…接种疫苗
-----------------------------------

Editor:
1) I agree that the passive form (e.g. "be vaccinated" rather than "vaccinate") is correct.
Thanks for that.

2) Although 接种 does often match "be vaccinated with" rather just "be vaccinated",
a) it's not necessarily the case. Ex: ... 但許多父母都不吝讓孩子接種。
b) it's not too hard to figure out the meaning of a phrase like 接种疫苗 from its parts: "be vaccinated" + "vaccine".

3) I don't think it's necessary to mention the 給...接種 pattern. Its meaning is pretty clear from its constituent parts.
The same goes for similar phrases such as 讓...接種 (as in the example above).
Diff:
- 接種 接种 [jie1 zhong4] /to vaccinate/to inoculate/
# + 接種 接种 [jie1 zhong4] /to be vaccinated or inoculated with (a vaccine)/(給 sb or st) to vaccinate with (a vaccine)/
#
+ 接種 接种 [jie1 zhong4] /to be vaccinated/to inoculated/

Change log entry 71224
Processed by: goldyn_chyld (2020-12-30 09:00:28 GMT)
Comment: << review queue entry 67420 - submitted by 'michaelchen' >>
https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E5%9E%8B_(%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6)

Editor: seems to be used in biology too...
https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E6%80%81%E6%80%A7_(%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6)
Diff:
# 多態 多态 [duo1 tai4] /(computing) polymorphism/
+ 多態 多态 [duo1 tai4] /polymorphism/

Change log entry 71222
Processed by: goldyn_chyld (2020-12-30 08:18:23 GMT)
Comment: << review queue entry 67421 - submitted by 'michaelchen' >>
https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-tw/dotnet/csharp/programming-guide/classes-and-structs/polymorphism
English translation: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/programming-guide/classes-and-structs/polymorphism
Diff:
+ 多型 多型 [duo1 xing2] /(computing) polymorphism/

Change log entry 71219
Processed by: goldyn_chyld (2020-12-29 07:44:33 GMT)
Comment: << review queue entry 67419 - submitted by 'michaelchen' >>
https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E6%A0%88/12808149
Diff:
- 棧 栈 [zhan4] /a wooden or bamboo pen for sheep or cattle/wood or bamboo trestlework/a warehouse/
# + 棧 栈 [zhan4] /a wooden or bamboo pen for sheep or cattle/wood or bamboo trestlework/a warehouse/(computer science) stack/
+ 棧 栈 [zhan4] /a wooden or bamboo pen for sheep or cattle/wood or bamboo trestlework/a warehouse/(computing) stack/

Change log entry 71217
Processed by: goldyn_chyld (2020-12-28 08:39:51 GMT)
Comment: << review queue entry 67415 - submitted by 'michaelchen' >>
https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8A%AC%E7%98%9F%E7%83%AD
Diff:
# 犬瘟熱 犬瘟热 [quan2 wen1 re4] /canine distemper (mammalian disease caused by Canine morbillivirus)/
+ 犬瘟熱 犬瘟热 [quan3 wen1 re4] /(medicine) canine distemper/

Change log entry 71171
Processed by: goldyn_chyld (2020-11-28 09:13:47 GMT)
Comment: << review queue entry 67359 - submitted by 'michaelchen' >>
https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hant/%E9%87%8D%E7%97%87%E8%82%8C%E7%84%A1%E5%8A%9B
Diff:
# 重症肌無力 重症肌无力 [zhong4zheng4ji1wu2li4] /myasthenia gravis/
+ 重症肌無力 重症肌无力 [zhong4 zheng4 ji1 wu2 li4] /myasthenia gravis (medicine)/

Change log entry 70849
Processed by: richwarm (2020-09-28 21:29:14 GMT)
Comment: << review queue entry 66927 - submitted by 'michaelchen' >>
现代汉语规范词典:“改变心意;多只改变原有的爱或忠诚”
----------------------------------

Editor: Well, that wording ("cease to be faithful ... romantically") is very suggestive of "unfaithful", which implies sex with another partner, and I don't think that's the specific meaning of 变心. As GF says, it's simply 改变原有的爱. There's a Pleco example 他变了心... "He lost interest in (his girlfriend)". Doesn't mean he was unfaithful, though.

Other examples
只是,華宅背後,往往有著不為人知的辛酸。尤其民國六十年代,政府招聘族人前往建築北迴鐵路、從事遠洋漁業,甚至遠赴沙烏地阿拉伯,在沙漠中興建高速公路。多年離鄉背井,換得了豪宅,卻發現孩子學壞了,妻子變心了,人心開始比較和算計,失去原住民那種單純而樂天的本性。
It's just that behind these large homes were stories of untold suffering. Particularly in the 1970s, people of his clan left to build the North Link Rail Line, or to work on fishing boats far out at sea, or even to build highways in the desert sands of Saudi Arabia. After being away from home for so many years, you would trade up for a fancy house, but you would discover that your children had picked up bad habits and your wife had fallen out of love with you. People became more calculating and lost some of the tribal people's innocence and happy-go-lucky qualities.

從瑜伽「變心」,轉而跟隨唐幼馨學習瑜伽提斯的Doris就表示,工作繁忙緊張造成她甲狀腺分泌過多,緊接著失眠、出汗、消化不良、焦躁易怒的情況也找上門。
Huang Chia-hui, who first learned yoga and then moved on to yogalates under Tina Tang, says her heavy workload led to hyperthyroidism, which in turn led to insomnia, excess sweating, poor digestion, and a short temper.

他也遇過年輕女孩在月老面前抽抽噎噎,一問之下是悲痛男友變心,他好意點醒:...
He also ran into a heartbroken young woman sobbing to Yue Lao that her boyfriend had had a change of heart. He reminded her: ...
Diff:
- 變心 变心 [bian4 xin1] /to cease to be faithful/
# + 變心 变心 [bian4 xin1] /to cease to be faithful, typically romantically/
+ 變心 变心 [bian4 xin1] /to cease to feel a sense of loyalty (or gratitude etc) to sb or sth/to fall out of love with sb/

Change log entry 70826
Processed by: richwarm (2020-09-22 07:00:00 GMT)
Comment: << review queue entry 67031 - submitted by 'michaelchen' >>
verb–object
should be legal in contrast to 逃税 (tax evasion); see https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/95234540
现代汉语规范词典:“动—在不违反税法的前提下,纳税人利用税法的漏洞或税法允许的办法,规避某些税负。”
----------------------------------

Editor: I have some misgivings about this because
- Pleco has "evade tax; tax evasion",
- Hanyu Da Cidian defines 避税 as 逃税,
- ABC's definition is "evade taxes"
- Wu Guanghua includes "evade tax" in its definition, and
- Far East says "to evade a tax or duty".
Did you not see any of these?
In addition, I find this example of tax evasion: 财税警示:女出纳为避税虚开增值税发票600余万被逮捕.

In general, if you propose to delete a definition, please demonstrate that you have genuinely tried, but failed, to find support for that definition.

Also, keep in mind that 现代汉语规范词典 is, as its name (规范) suggests, a prescriptive dictionary that often stipulates that one usage is right and another is wrong, even if both are attested.

Nevertheless, the predominant meaning of 避税 is clearly tax avoidance.
It seems to me "legally" is redundant and/or confusing, though, since avoiding tax is by definition legal.
https://www.lexico.com/definition/tax_avoidance
Diff:
- 避稅 避税 [bi4 shui4] /tax avoidance/tax evasion/
# + 避稅 避税 [bi4 shui4] /to avoid a tax legally/
+ 避稅 避税 [bi4 shui4] /to avoid taxation/tax avoidance/

Change log entry 70813
Processed by: richwarm (2020-09-21 21:50:02 GMT)
Comment: << review queue entry 67042 - submitted by 'michaelchen' >>
Add reference to Taiwan version. See Taiwan Ministry of Education's Cross-Strait Dictionary
---------------------------------------

Editor: There are various types of links between entries that we generally don't create.
These include links to
- synonyms
- antonyms
- Taiwanese equivalents
- mainland equivalents

We do include links to entries that provide additional information relevant to the definition.
e.g.
〥 〥 [wu3] /numeral 5 in Suzhou numeral system 蘇州碼子|苏州码子[Su1 zhou1 ma3 zi5]/

If we *were* to include a link to 鉲 in this entry it'd be formatted as
/californium (chemistry)/Taiwan equivalent: 鉲[ka3]/

In that case you could argue there should also be a link from 鉲 to 鐦.
And there are hundreds of other pairs of entries that could be so linked.

You can search for "Taiwan equivalent" and find about eight entries we created.
https://cc-cedict.org/editor/editor.php?handler=QueryDictionary&querydictionary_search=Taiwan+equivalent
But after that little experiment, we pretty much dropped the idea.

It would be a bit like having an English dictionary that linked words like "janitor" (US) to "caretaker" (British),
which even dictionaries far better resourced than us don't do.
https://ahdictionary.com/word/search.html?q=janitor
Diff:
# - 鐦 锎 [kai1] /californium (chemistry)/
# + 鐦 锎 [kai1] /californium (chemistry)/Tw ka3 鉲/

Change log entry 70802
Processed by: richwarm (2020-09-21 00:21:30 GMT)
Comment: << review queue entry 67027 - submitted by 'michaelchen' >>
Recent changes removed the adjective-form definition, but 失礼 is also an adjective, more often than it is a verb apparently. From LINE https://dict.naver.com/linedict/zhendict/dict.html#/cnen/example?query=%E5%A4%B1%E7%A4%BC:
- 故意失礼的行为
- 你可不仅仅是失礼
- 公开剔牙很失礼
- 指着别人是失礼的
----------------------------------------

Editor:
1) We don't necessarily give an English gloss for every part-of-speech usage a headword has.

For example, by virtue of the fact that we have defined 失礼 as a verb ("act discourteously")[1], it can be assumed that it can also be used as a noun (acting discourteously, a.k.a. rudeness, discourtesy etc.)

Example: 如何對待下屬的失禮、失信和失誤

[1] Actually, it's more accurate to say 失礼 is a v.o. (verb-object) than to say it's a verb. And therefore, "commit a breach of etiquette" is indeed a good definition.


2) The reason for point #1 is
a) Our definitions would become rather wordy and redundant if we exhaustively listed all part-of-speech usages.
b) We expect users to know that "Chinese part of speech is [...] highly fluid and requires the learner to master [...] ‘syntactic yoga’: the contortion or exchange of one part of speech into another."[2]

[2] That's a quote from the following article, whose authors invented the term "syntactic yoga". I recommend the article to you.
https://brannerchinese.com/publications/Branner_Meng_Syntactic_Yoga_in_Chinese_English_Lexicography.pdf


3) Your examples:
a) 故意失礼的行为
This makes sense with 失礼 defined as "act discourteously". It's a noun phrase in which 行为 is qualified by the verb phrase 故意失礼 ("deliberately act discourteously"). That is, it means "behavior in which one deliberately acts discourteously". Line translates it as "a deliberate discourteous act". But you're being too inflexible if you insist that 失礼 has to be defined as an adjective rather than as a verb for 故意失礼的行为 to make sense. You might need to do a bit of yoga :-)

b) 你可不仅仅是失礼 (Line: "Well, you were more than rude.")
This is not Chinese utterance that was translated into English. It's the reverse. The line "Well, you were more than rude." comes from an episode of "Desperate Housewives" that was translated into Chinese.
https://www.kexiaoguo.com/meiju31/415/
You keep quoting from Line, but a lot of their bilingual examples are translations from English, or artificial Chinese sentences created to match English usage. We like examples of *naturally-occurring* Chinese.

Anyway, in 你可不仅仅是失礼 does 失礼 have to be seen as an adjective? I think not. Here are examples where 你可不仅仅是 is followed by verb phrases:
你可不仅仅是没钱
你可不仅仅是欺瞒了其他人
你可不仅仅是救了我和我的女儿儿子,
你可不仅仅是有颜值,你的成绩你的才艺都很不错
etc.

c) 公开剔牙很失礼 (Line: "It is bad form to pick one's teeth in public.")
What's the problem here? Is the word after 很 necessarily an adjective? Here's a definition of 很:
非常;甚。
例 「雨很大」、「他很忙」、「很幸福」、「他很得長輩的歡心」。
https://www.moedict.tw/~%E5%BE%88
In the third example, 很 qualifies the *verb phrase* 得長輩的歡心.
很失礼 = "very much breaches etiquette"

d) 指着别人是失礼的 (Line: "It is not polite to point at a person.")
This can be understood as "To point at a person is to commit a breach of etiquette."
Diff:
# - 失禮 失礼 [shi1 li3] /to act discourteously/forgive me (for my impropriety)/
# + 失禮 失礼 [shi1 li3] /discourteous/to act discourteously/forgive me (for my impropriety)/

Change log entry 70801
Processed by: goldyn_chyld (2020-09-20 18:09:26 GMT)
Comment: << review queue entry 67026 - submitted by 'michaelchen' >>
https://dict.naver.com/linedict/zhendict/dict.html#/cnen/example?query=%E5%81%9C%E6%9C%BA%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4
https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%81%9C%E6%9C%BA%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4
Diff:
+ 停機時間 停机时间 [ting2 ji1 shi2 jian1] /downtime/

Change log entry 70768
Processed by: goldyn_chyld (2020-09-18 05:24:41 GMT)
Comment: Editor: per discussion

<< review queue entry 66983 - submitted by 'goldyn_chyld' >>
Editor: four times neutral tone seems a bit unlikely...
Wp says it’s all 1st tone (and some online comments do as well) but none of the dicts seems to list the py for 嗶 at the character other than bi4...

Bilibili seems to be stylized without the capital “b”, should we do the same?

<< follow-up of change log entry 70755 >>
<< review queue entry 66982 - submitted by 'michaelchen' >>
As pronounced in the official promo video https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1XW411M7Gu, Bilibili doesn't seem to have any real tone
Diff:
- 嗶哩嗶哩 哔哩哔哩 [bi5 li5 bi5 li5] /Bilibili, Chinese video-sharing website featuring scrolled user comments 彈幕|弹幕[dan4 mu4] overlaid on the videos/
# + 嗶哩嗶哩 哔哩哔哩 [bi4 li1 bi4 li1] /Bilibili, Chinese video-sharing website featuring scrolled user comments 彈幕|弹幕[dan4 mu4] overlaid on the videos/
+ 嗶哩嗶哩 哔哩哔哩 [Bi1 li1 bi1 li1] /Bilibili, Chinese video-sharing website featuring scrolled user comments 彈幕|弹幕[dan4 mu4] overlaid on the videos/
# editor adding:
+ ! B站 B站 [B zhan4] /(coll.) Bilibili, Chinese video-sharing website featuring scrolled user comments 彈幕|弹幕[dan4 mu4] overlaid on the videos/

Change log entry 70755
Processed by: richwarm (2020-09-17 03:21:53 GMT)
Comment: << review queue entry 66982 - submitted by 'michaelchen' >>
As pronounced in the official promo video https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1XW411M7Gu, Bilibili doesn't seem to have any real tone
Diff:
# 嗶哩嗶哩 哔哩哔哩 [bi5 li5 bi5 li5] /Bilibili, Chinese video sharing website with "bullet comments" overlaid on video/
+ 嗶哩嗶哩 哔哩哔哩 [bi5 li5 bi5 li5] /Bilibili, Chinese video-sharing website featuring scrolled user comments 彈幕|弹幕[dan4 mu4] overlaid on the videos/

Change log entry 70715
Processed by: richwarm (2020-09-14 07:20:12 GMT)
Comment: << review queue entry 66960 - submitted by 'michaelchen' >>
https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E5%A4%A7%E9%BA%BB%E4%BA%8C%E9%85%9A/23791870?fr=aladdin
https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%BA%BB%E4%BA%8C%E9%85%9A
There are also compound words like 大麻二酚油 for CBD oil

Editor: thank you
Diff:
+ 大麻二酚 大麻二酚 [da4 ma2 er4 fen1] /cannabidiol (CBD)/

Change log entry 70670
Processed by: richwarm (2020-09-09 22:18:56 GMT)
Comment: << review queue entry 66938 - submitted by 'michaelchen' >>
https://en.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/烤麩, https://zh.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/烤麸, https://baike.baidu.com/item/烤麸

Editor:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheat_gluten_(food)#Chinese
Diff:
# 烤麩 烤麸 [kao3 fu1] /steamed and often fried spongy leavened wheat gluten/
+ 烤麩 烤麸 [kao3 fu1] /kao fu, a spongy wheat gluten product used in Chinese cuisine/

Change log entry 70658
Processed by: richwarm (2020-09-09 07:12:27 GMT)
Comment: << review queue entry 66933 - submitted by 'michaelchen' >>
Can be a verb, as seen in these sentences from LINE.
奥瑟罗是我失礼了。
昨天我有点失礼了。
As well as an adjective:
他生气时不免有些失礼。
Would be good to clarify that 失礼 as a verb is an act, not a statement of character. Pleco's "to commit a breach of etiquette" puts it perfectly, but I'm not sure how to paraphrase it.
------------------------------

Editor:
1) The first example is from Shakespeare's "Othello" and should be formatted with a colon.
奥瑟罗: 是我失礼了。
Othello: I am to blame.
(He has kept his guests waiting.)

Would prefer examples that were originally written in Chinese rather than translations from English.

2) I'm not so sure that "commit a breach of etiquette" is "perfect". It sounds quite stilted.
I mean, if you kept someone waiting, you'd be unlikely to say "I'm so sorry. I have committed a breach of etiquette."
But then, there may be no perfect phrase for 失礼 in English.

3) In none of your examples is 失礼 is "statement of character".
I suspect 失礼 can't actually be used for that purpose.
In other words, I think "lacking in manners" is misleading.

4) "forgive me (for my impropriety)"
e.g. 沒能好好招待,失禮!失禮!」
Diff:
- 失禮 失礼 [shi1 li3] /lacking in manners/
# + 失禮 失礼 [shi1 li3] /lacking in manners/to be impolite/
+ 失禮 失礼 [shi1 li3] /to act discourteously/forgive me (for my impropriety)/

Change log entry 70657
Processed by: richwarm (2020-09-09 06:09:47 GMT)
Comment: << review queue entry 66934 - submitted by 'michaelchen' >>
"Apartheid" is primarily used for South Africa and encompasses an entire system for discrimination, not just segregation.
Lexico on apartheid: "(in South Africa) a policy or system of segregation or discrimination on grounds of race.
segregation on grounds other than race.
'gender apartheid'"
Diff:
- 種族隔離 种族隔离 [zhong3 zu2 ge2 li2] /apartheid/
+ 種族隔離 种族隔离 [zhong3 zu2 ge2 li2] /racial segregation/apartheid/

Change log entry 70560
Processed by: richwarm (2020-09-02 07:30:29 GMT)
Comment: << review queue entry 66856 - submitted by 'michaelchen' >>
No indication from example sentences at https://dict.naver.com/linedict/zhendict/dict.html#/cnen/example?query=文本 that it means "version" generally.
-----------------------------------

Editor: thanks

examples ~
精確文本 perfect copy
完整文本 a full copy
白話文本 a translation in the vernacular
看過許多文本,... Reading these many articles, ...

就可以瀏覽超過100筆的遊記、報導和歷史文獻等各類文本。
browse through over 100 travel diaries, reports and historical documents.

圍繞在金庸作品周圍,「無論是文本爬梳、抑或作品外緣的附會參詳;無一不是增加金作、金學的擠壓效應,」
Other martial arts novels seem forever condemned to circle in Jin Yong's orbit. "Both in terms of discussions of the texts themselves and in matters related to them, they are constantly oppressed by existing in the shadow of Jin Yong's work and Jin Yong scholarship"
Diff:
- 文本 文本 [wen2 ben3] /version/text/
# + 文本 文本 [wen2 ben3] /text/version of a text/
+ 文本 文本 [wen2 ben3] /a text (article, script, contract etc)/version of a text (copy, translation, abridged version etc)/(computing) text/

Change log entry 70557
Processed by: richwarm (2020-09-02 05:54:00 GMT)
Comment: << review queue entry 66755 - submitted by 'michaelchen' >>
See https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.taobao.taobao&hl=zh and https://weibo.com/taobao for examples of 淘宝 instead of 淘宝网
-------------------------

Editor:
1. tao3 --> tao2
2. formatting
Diff:
# 淘寶 淘宝 [Tao3 bao3] /Taobao, a Chinese online shopping website, short name for 淘宝网/
+ 淘寶 淘宝 [Tao2 bao3] /Taobao, a Chinese online shopping website (abbr. for 淘寶網|淘宝网[Tao2 bao3 Wang3])/

Change log entry 70494
Processed by: richwarm (2020-08-30 07:14:51 GMT)
Comment: << review queue entry 66791 - submitted by 'michaelchen' >>
Add definition clarifying how 之所以 is allowed to be used in a sentence. In English, "the reason why" is followed with a full clause, not a predicate, and doesn't have to be followed with anything like "…is because" but that is not so in Chinese.
Some example sentences:
诗之所以为诗,在乎意境,不在乎辞藻。
我之所以讨厌他是因为他的嘴太贫。
Diff:
- 之所以 之所以 [zhi1 suo3 yi3] /the reason why/
# + 之所以 之所以 [zhi1 suo3 yi3] /the reason why/(sb or sth)'s reason for (predicate + 是因为|因為, 是想, 在乎, or similar + clause)/
#
+ 之所以 之所以 [zhi1 suo3 yi3] /(after a noun N and before a predicate P) the reason why N P/Example: 我之所以討厭他|我之所以讨厌他[wo3 zhi1 suo3 yi3 tao3 yan4 ta1] "the reason why I dislike him (is ...)"/

Change log entry 70493
Processed by: richwarm (2020-08-30 06:18:33 GMT)
Comment: << review queue entry 66685 - submitted by 'michaelchen' >>
https://pincong.rocks/question/794: 所谓“机场”,其实是一种形象化的说法,因为SS/SSR的LOGO就是纸飞机的图案。实质上是指提供翻墙服务的场所,【SS/SSR服务提供商】。广告推广方式往往多种多样:有网站注册、论坛注册、博客自推、telegram、GOOGLE+、twitter,facebook等等各类社交形式推广,甚至是任何网站的留言板推广。

SSR只是众多翻墙工具的一种,前身是SS,全称是shadowsocks,为描述简便,取其简称为SS。为了能成功翻墙,必须要获取到免费或付费的节点服务器参数(也就是”机场“或SSR服务提供商提供给你),填入SSR内正确设置并开启就可以正常浏览封锁的所有网站,比如常见的:google,youtube,facebook,twitter,telegram等等。
Diff:
- 機場 机场 [ji1 chang3] /airport/airfield/CL:家[jia1],處|处[chu4]/
# + 機場 机场 [ji1 chang3] /airport/airfield/(slang) service provider for Shadowsocks or similar software to circumvent Internet censorship/CL:家[jia1],處|处[chu4]/
+ 機場 机场 [ji1 chang3] /airport/airfield/(slang) service provider for Shadowsocks or similar software for circumventing Internet censorship/CL:家[jia1],處|处[chu4]/

Change log entry 70492
Processed by: richwarm (2020-08-29 22:48:23 GMT)
Comment: << review queue entry 66792 - submitted by 'michaelchen' >>
I see that this was rejected earlier with the comment "AFAIK, an invention of Christian proselytes to mimic the Chinese 你 into smth sufficiently respectful for God (the Christian one). [It] is a foreign imposition on the unsuspecting Chinese language from the part of a foreign and alien and imperialistic ideology, and I strongly disapprove of it." But Christian Chinese terms are also part of Chinese, and dictionaries should reflect common usage; whether one "approves" of a definition is irrelevant.
As for example sentences, see https://dict.naver.com/linedict/zhendict/dict.html#/cnen/example?query=%E7%A5%A2 and http://www.ichacha.net/search.aspx?q=%E7%A5%A2&l=en
--------------------------------------

Editor:
- 請問葡萄仙子,為什麼祢叫做葡萄仙子?
- 玉藤仙子,祢真不後悔?
- 上帝啊,求祢引导我能以爱心述说真理
- 蘋果仙子,祢真難得,萬分佩服!
- 蝴蝶仙子,祢手上捧的應該是花粉吧!

「什麼值日生!我是『值日神』,又叫做值日功曹!是負責送公文的神明。」[...]
值日功曹:「小子,你有讀過吳承恩的《西遊記》嗎?裡面有一則花菓山之戰的故事。」
Mr.Namaste:「祢是說孫悟空叛離天庭,被玉帝派兵圍剿那段嗎?」
Diff:
# 祢 祢 [ni3] /(Christianity, referring to God, honorific) you/
+ 祢 祢 [ni3] /you (used to address a deity)/

Change log entry 70489
Processed by: richwarm (2020-08-28 23:09:04 GMT)
Comment: << review queue entry 66793 - submitted by 'michaelchen' >>
Fix capitalization

Editor: That was deliberate, used to indicate the surname, as with our entry for 福田康夫.
The format of our Japanese names is probably a mess of inconsistency, but it's something that would be best overhauled all in one go. However, it's a relatively low priority, and it's complicated by the fact that in English, historical Japanese figures often have the surname first, while contemporary Japanese people typically put the surname last.
Diff:
# - 菅直人 菅直人 [Jian1 Zhi2 ren2] /KAN Naoto (1946-), Japanese Democratic Party politician, prime minister 2010-2011/
# + 菅直人 菅直人 [Jian1 Zhi2 ren2] /Kan Naoto (1946-), Japanese Democratic Party politician, prime minister 2010-2011/

Change log entry 70488
Processed by: richwarm (2020-08-28 22:55:27 GMT)
Comment: << review queue entry 66794 - submitted by 'michaelchen' >>
Clarify what the date range refers to. For a second, I was wondering whether it meant that Myanmar was no longer independent after 2006. We can delete "independent" if we don't want to sound too close to Encyclopædia Britannica's entry.
Diff:
- 仰光 仰光 [Yang3 guang1] /Yangon (Rangoon), city, capital of independent Myanmar 1948-2006/
+ 仰光 仰光 [Yang3 guang1] /Yangon (Rangoon), city, capital of Myanmar from 1948 to 2006/

Change log entry 70454
Processed by: richwarm (2020-08-24 11:11:59 GMT)
Comment: << review queue entry 66754 - submitted by 'michaelchen' >>
https://dict.naver.com/linedict/zhendict/dict.html#/cnen/example?query=%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93&origin=entry&ref=%23%2Fcnen%2Fentry%2F4d32aefbec4f41d7bf6cc4a55a4be6f7 has examples such as:
这个项目已进入轨道。 Zhège xiàngmù yǐjìnrù guǐdào.The project is now on course.
杂化轨道和分子轨道 zá huà guĭdào hé fēnzi guĭdào Hybrid Orbitals aud Molecular Orbitals
https://helpx.adobe.com/cn/premiere-pro/using/adjusting-volume-levels.html: 例如,您可以在增加一条音轨上的旁白者语音音量的同时降低另一条轨道上的背景音乐音量。For example, you can increase the voice volume of the narrator on one track while reducing the volume of the background music on the other track.
https://support.apple.com/kb/PH3192?viewlocale=zh_CN&locale=id_ID: 声音轨道包括来自iMovie 剪辑主题的音乐,您可以从主题中单独添加。主题音乐与声音轨道的工作方式相同,会自动调整以适合您的项目。The sound track includes music from the theme of iMovie, which you can add separately from the theme. The theme music works in the same way as the soundtrack and will automatically adjust to suit your project.
https://m.sohu.com/n/483108386/: 双轨道音游难出新高度?二次元科幻风尽显音乐魅力. Difficult to reach new heights in dual-track audio games? The two-dimensional science fiction style shows the charm of music.
-------------------------------------

Editor:
1) Being such a specialized term, "orbital" would be better at the end of the definition. It's very unlikely to be the sense the user is looking for. 99% of people would have no idea what an orbital is. Most people would assume "orbital" here is an adjective :-)
-------------------------------------

2) "desired trajectory (of a business or other endeavor)"

上軌道後,
once [the food banks] get their operations up to speed

這麼多年下來,照顧工作漸漸上了軌道,家裡也請了外傭幫忙,
After so many years, the caregiving has become more routine. The family has hired a foreign domestic to help out.

劇團已經上軌道了,就交出去吧,我要專心寫小說才行。
the children’s theater is well established and running smoothly, so I might as well turn it over to someone else and concentrate exclusively on writing.

經營漸上軌道。
Business was getting on track.
----------------------------------------

3) "a person's established path in life"

直到2003年秋天辭卸資策會董事長一職後,小轉彎的黃河明才又回到原訂軌道,正式著手成立悅智全球顧問公司。
Finally, in the autumn of 2003 Huang left his job as head of the institute and returned to his previous plans, formally establishing Atelligent Global Consulting.

他考上台大政治系,又取得美國佛萊契爾學院的法律及外交碩士,父母正欣慰他應該能傳承焦家「4代法律人」的衣缽時,他卻突然脫離軌道,說他想當指揮。
Chiao studied political science at National Taiwan University, then got a master’s degree from the Fletcher School of Diplomacy in the US. His parents both were delighted that he seemed to be on course to carry on the family tradition and become the fourth generation in the law. But he suddenly made a radical change in direction, and declared that he wanted to become a conductor.

政治外交和音樂看似兩條沒有交集的軌道;但在他眼中,都是「高度藝術性的溝通」,
There doesn’t seem to be much in common between diplomacy and music, but for Chiao, both are “high arts of communication.”

出走看似破釜沉舟、偏離軌道,卻更能看清自己是誰,下一步想往哪裡去。
Leaving everything behind may have seemed like a desperate move that derailed her career, but it afforded her an opportunity to see herself more clearly and think about which direction she should move next.

一直以來,亞洲人習慣悶著頭向前衝,即使遲疑,也不敢離開既定的軌道;甚至可能已知跑錯了方向,也不願停下來修正,因為害怕落後。
Asians have always kept their noses to the grindstone, rarely daring to depart from the normal track that everyone follows, even if they have doubts about doing so. Indeed, even people who realize that they’ve chosen the wrong path in life usually reject changing direction, because they fear falling behind.

他心急如油煎火燎,人生軌道陡然一轉,決定停留在這一站。
Anxious to do something about this, Yen changed the direction of his own life and decided that this was the station where he was going to get off the train and focus his energies.

正當前程看好,她卻毅然決定轉換軌道,在今年4月低調開張私人餐坊。
But at a moment when her career future looked bright, she once again showed great resolve by jumping tracks, opening the low-key private kitchen Oz in April 2014.
Diff:
- 軌道 轨道 [gui3 dao4] /orbit/railway or tram line/fig. conventional way of thinking/
# + 軌道 轨道 [gui3 dao4] /orbit/orbital/railway or tram track or rail/fig. the correct course of doing things/audio track/
#
+ 軌道 轨道 [gui3 dao4] /track (for trains etc)/orbit (of a satellite)/(fig.) a person's established path in life/desired trajectory (of a business or other endeavor)/(audio engineering) track/(quantum mechanics) orbital/

Change log entry 70440
Processed by: goldyn_chyld (2020-08-23 06:23:50 GMT)
Comment: << review queue entry 66756 - submitted by 'michaelchen' >>
For "tone of voice", see examples at https://dict.naver.com/linedict/zhendict/dict.html#/cnen/example?query=%E8%AF%AD%E8%B0%83&origin=entry&ref=%23%2Fcnen%2Fentry%2F26768c8edbda4fa2be0de0175d556f28. Some examples are solemn, brisk, gentle, angry 愤怒的语调, etc., which don't have to do with the rise and fall of pitch.
Diff:
- 語調 语调 [yu3 diao4] /intonation/CL:個|个[ge4]/
+ 語調 语调 [yu3 diao4] /intonation/tone of voice/CL:個|个[ge4]/

Change log entry 70419
Processed by: goldyn_chyld (2020-08-19 07:12:14 GMT)
Comment: << review queue entry 66738 - submitted by 'michaelchen' >>
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E9%BF%8D
Diff:
# 鿍 鿍 [gang4] /hill (used in place names)/
+ 鿍 鿍 [gang4] /hill/long and narrow highland/(used in place names)/

Change log entry 70357
Processed by: richwarm (2020-08-10 07:04:18 GMT)
Comment: << review queue entry 66684 - submitted by 'michaelchen' >>
https://www.cnbeta.com/articles/tech/997565.htm: 谷歌确认将推出新功能 对标苹果AirDrop
http://www.woshipm.com/it/3457844.html: 微信视频号对标哪些产品,又有几分胜算?针对微信视频号的讨论一直很多,有讨论产品设计的,有讨论产品发展的等等。而笔者就从微信视频好对标的产品入手,分析它究竟对标的是谁,竞争之下又有几分胜算。
-------------------------------

Editor: It may actually be more general than this -- like "to benchmark against (a rival company, rival product etc)" -- but I based the definition on the usage I saw.
Diff:
# 對標 对标 [dui4 biao1] /benchmarking/(to be) equivalent to/
+ 對標 对标 [dui4 biao1] /to compare a product with (a rival product)/to benchmark against (another product)/

Change log entry 70348
Processed by: richwarm (2020-08-07 22:09:36 GMT)
Comment: << review queue entry 66678 - submitted by 'michaelchen' >>
https://www.dingtalk.com/en
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DingTalk
-------------------------------

Editor: thanks
Diff:
# 釘釘 钉钉 [Ding1 ding1] /DingTalk, business communication platform by Alibaba Group/
+ 釘釘 钉钉 [Ding1 ding1] /DingTalk, business communication platform developed by Alibaba/
By MDBG 2024
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