These are the actual changes to CC-CEDICT reviewed and processed by the editors.
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| Change log entry 78963 | |
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| Processed by: | richwarm (2023-07-22 00:22:39 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 73976 - submitted by 'malcolm_schonfield' >> This character was mentioned on CSE (https://chinese.stackexchange.com/questions/54546/how-do-chinese-musician-count-beats-in-mandarin) today and I noticed that the da1 reading was missing in CC-CEDICT. This reading is given by several other references such as ABC and 现代汉语规范词典. |
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# 嗒 嗒 [da1] /(onom.) rattle, clatter/ + 嗒 嗒 [da1] /(onom.) used in words that describe machine gunfire, the ticking of a clock or the clatter of horse hooves etc/ |
| Change log entry 73792 | |
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| Processed by: | richwarm (2021-12-01 00:32:51 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 69540 - submitted by 'malcolm_schonfield' >> Several dictionaries I have readily available on my phone (ABC, GF, XHD, PLC), and baidu, give chen5, not chen2. moedict.tw gives chuan2 however. Anyway I'm not 100% sure about this one. ----------------------------- Editor: It's undoubtedly pronounced both ways. 2nd tone is probably more prevalent in Taiwan. However, on Forvo, both of the speakers labeled "from China" pronounce it with 2nd tone, to my ear at least. https://forvo.com/word/%E6%97%A9%E6%99%A8/#zh Also, the pronunciation on the ChinesePod Glossary is marked as chen2, and I think most of the speakers in their audio samples indeed use 2nd tone. https://chinesepod.com/dictionary/english-chinese/%E6%97%A9%E6%99%A8 (You probably won't be able to view that page unless you have an account. It should work with even a free account, though.) So while I can see dictionaries are saying chen5, it seems it's quite often chen2, and I'm unable to determine the relative frequency. |
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- 早晨 早晨 [zao3 chen2] /early morning/CL:個|个[ge4]/ # + 早晨 早晨 [zao3 chen5] /early morning/CL:個|个[ge4]/Taiwan pr. [zao3 chen2]/ + 早晨 早晨 [zao3 chen2] /early morning/CL:個|个[ge4]/also pr. [zao3 chen5]/ |
| Change log entry 73738 | |
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| Processed by: | goldyn_chyld (2021-11-11 07:14:12 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 69475 - submitted by 'malcolm_schonfield' >> Several dictionaries I have readily available on my phone (ABC, GF, XHD, PLC), and baidu, give huan5, not huan4. moedict.tw and zdic give huan4 however. So I'm not sure about this one. |
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- 使喚 使唤 [shi3 huan4] /to order sb about/to use sb/ # + 使喚 使唤 [shi3 huan5] /to order sb about/to use sb/Taiwan pr. [shi3 huan4]/ + 使喚 使唤 [shi3 huan5] /to order sb around/(coll.) to handle (a draught animal, tool, machine etc)/Taiwan pr. [shi3 huan4]/ |
| Change log entry 73708 | |
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| Processed by: | richwarm (2021-11-03 20:55:00 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 69473 - submitted by 'malcolm_schonfield' >> I'm proposing this change because several dictionaries I have readily available on my phone (ABC, GF, XHD, PLC) give dang5, not dang4. moedict.tw gives dang4 however. |
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- 停當 停当 [ting2 dang4] /settled/accomplished/ready/ + 停當 停当 [ting2 dang5] /settled/accomplished/ready/Taiwan pr. [ting2 dang4]/ |
| Change log entry 73703 | |
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| Processed by: | richwarm (2021-11-02 10:55:41 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 69470 - submitted by 'malcolm_schonfield' >> I'm proposing this change because all the dictionaries I have readily available on my phone (ABC, GF, XHD, PLC) give fan5, not fan2. I'm assuming the Taiwanese pronunciation here; I haven't checked. |
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- 膩煩 腻烦 [ni4 fan2] /bored/to be fed up with/sick and tired of sth/ + 膩煩 腻烦 [ni4 fan5] /bored/to be fed up with/sick and tired of sth/Taiwan pr. [ni4 fan2]/ |
| Change log entry 73700 | |
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| Processed by: | richwarm (2021-11-01 23:51:00 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 69467 - submitted by 'malcolm_schonfield' >> There already is an entry for the reading pu1 chen5, but it seems another entry is needed. GF makes the distinction pu1 chen4 / pu1 chen5, and gives this sample sentence for the former: 有了次要人物的铺衬, 主人公的形象更加突出。 ---------------------------------------- Editor: "set off" is a pretty ambiguous definition :-) ‘they set off together in the small car’ ‘any rental paid must of course be set off against any income tax payable’ ‘I came downstairs in a mint green maxi-dress, set off nicely by my new white bag’ ‘police do not know how the bomb was set off’ etc. 但如果我們的平庸能鋪襯出偉大的詩人和不朽的詩歌，那也是一件值得欣慰的事。 列舉人生中的四大樂事,其實前三句都是給金榜題名做鋪襯的。 |
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# 鋪襯 铺衬 [pu1 chen4] /to set off/ + 鋪襯 铺衬 [pu1 chen4] /to serve as a contrasting element/ |
| Change log entry 73699 | |
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| Processed by: | richwarm (2021-11-01 21:23:50 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 69466 - submitted by 'malcolm_schonfield' >> GF and other dictionaries all give ying1, not ying4. I personally have no idea what the "truth" is, but it seems odd that CC-CEDICT does not agree with GF here. ------------------------------------------- Editor: "all give ying1" ying4 here: https://www.moedict.tw/%E6%87%89%E5%85%81 ... and in Dr.eye, Grand Ricci, LA, Far East, and Key. |
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- 應允 应允 [ying4 yun3] /to give one's assent/to consent/ # + 應允 应允 [ying1 yun3] /to give one's assent/to consent/ + 應允 应允 [ying1 yun3] /to give one's assent/to consent/Taiwan pr. [ying4 yun3]/ |
| Change log entry 73499 | |
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| Processed by: | richwarm (2021-09-06 05:53:20 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 69201 - submitted by 'malcolm_schonfield' >> All the other dictionaries I have handy give the neutral tone for 苦 in 挖苦. --------------------------------- Editor: 12 years ago, when the entry was last revised, the editor wrote "I think it's a full tone most of the time." Here are two dictionaries that say wākǔ. https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%8C%96%E8%8B%A6 https://www.moedict.tw/~%E6%8C%96%E8%8B%A6 (The latter source usually gives the mainland pronunciation whenever it's different from Taiwan pronunciation, but for 挖苦 it just says wākǔ.) |
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- 挖苦 挖苦 [wa1 ku3] /to speak sarcastically/to make cutting remarks/ # + 挖苦 挖苦 [wa1 ku5] /to speak sarcastically/to make cutting remarks/ + 挖苦 挖苦 [wa1 ku3] /to speak sarcastically/to make cutting remarks/also pr. [wa1 ku5]/ |
| Change log entry 72790 | |
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| Processed by: | ycandau (2021-05-24 18:30:00 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 68579 - submitted by 'malcolm_schonfield' >> According to 现代规范汉语词典, 教学 can be pronounced in two ways: a) jiao4 xue2 (which is already in cc-cedict) and b) jiao1 xue2. Interestingly it states that these different pronunciations carry different meanings. I have looked at several dictionaries but I am not sure I have really understood what that difference is! So this proposal isn't necessarily correct. In any case it seems to be clear the cc-cedict needs an additional entry for jiao1 xue2. Editor: well, what GF is saying is that 教學 is a (intransitive) verb. Which is news to me. I can find things like 你所在的学校开始线上教学了吗？ 作为教师，你开始线上教学了吗？ 又要线上教学了 but (your head will explode) here 教学 is not a verb: the whole expression 线上教学 (remote teaching) is used as a verb However I also find this 教师50多岁真不适合教学了？50多岁正是教师教学的鼎盛时期呢！ which sounds good. I'm not sure that people would necessarily pronounce jiao1xue2 though. I think "instruction" (in the limited sense of teaching) is a better word than "education" |
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# 教學 教学 [jiao1 xue2] /to teach/ # + 教學 教学 [jiao4 xue2] /teaching and studying/teaching/education/CL:門|门[men2],個|个[ge4]/ + 教學 教学 [jiao1 xue2] /to teach (as a professor)/ - 教學 教学 [jiao4 xue2] /to teach/teaching and learning/education/CL:門|门[men2],個|个[ge4]/ + 教學 教学 [jiao4 xue2] /teaching/instruction/CL:門|门[men2],個|个[ge4]/ |
| Change log entry 71926 | |
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| Processed by: | richwarm (2021-03-27 03:18:22 GMT) |
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<< review queue entry 67768 - submitted by 'malcolm_schonfield' >> I propose to add "drawback/disadvantage". Discussed here: https://chinese.stackexchange.com/questions/42853/how-do-we-reconcile-the-different-definitions-for-%e5%bc%8a%e7%ab%af-in-the-hsk-standard-course/42854 现代汉语大词典 states that 弊端 can mean 弊病. And most references agree that 弊病 can be translated as drawback/disadvantage. It seems that most CN/EN dictionaries do not give the full range of meanings for this word. It is worth mentioning that CFDICT does give the "drawback/disadvantage" meaning, via the French word "inconvénient". ---------------------------------------- Editor: This is one of my favourite things: rewriting the definition for a word whose definition doesn't match observed usage (especially when it's a commonly used word like 弊端). So thanks for drawing attention to it, Malcolm. (And welcome! -- since it seems this is your first contribution.) I think our current definition was probably adequate for the way 弊端 was used 50 or 60 years ago, but the meaning has evidently become broader over recent decades, and dictionaries haven't kept up with the change. An early definition I found is "evil practices; corruption" [in "A Beginners' Chinese-English Dictionary of the National Language (Gwoyeu)" by W. Simon, which was first published in 1947.] The definition published in 1978 in "A Chinese-English Dictionary" was still much the same: "malpractice; abuse; corrupt practice". This definition was copied and recopied into many dictionaries – including cc-cedict, obviously. It looks to me like the definition broadened from specific issues like malfeasance to encompass systemic problems in general. Here are two examples mentioned in your StackExchange link: - 现行制度存在诸多弊端，已到非改不可的地步。 - 疫情使殡葬行业原本就存在的诸多弊端浮出了水面。 I would say that "drawback" and "disadvantage" are off the mark here, and that while "shortcomings" works ok in a translation, "shortcomings of a system" would be more accurate as a *definition*. The 2nd sentence is translated in the video as "The epidemic made many of the disadvantages inherent in the funeral industry exposed." I don't think it's quite accurate to say that that sentence is talking about the "disadvantages" or "drawbacks" of the funeral industry, though. I'd go with something like "The epidemic exposed many systemic problems in the funeral industry." If a phone's battery only lasts a few hours, you can call that a "drawback" or "disadvantage" of that model, but I don't think you'd call it a 弊端 because we aren't really talking about a *system* here, but rather, a consumer product. More examples: 希望多管齊下，以矯正如今的聯考弊端。 "He hopes that aiming at the target from a number of different directions will rectify the deficiencies of today's joint entrance examinations." [They are talking about problems with the examination system.] 台灣長期以來的兒少收出養制度，出現什麼問題？《兒少法》2011年年底修正通過，今年五月即將上路的新法，又能如何匡正弊端？ "What issues have plagued Taiwan’s adoption system over the years? When the November 2011 amendment to the Children and Youth Welfare Act takes effect in May 2012, how will it rectify current problems?" [They are talking about problems with the adoption system.] 為了解決健保的諸多弊端， "In order to alleviate NHI's many problems, ..." [They are talking about the problems with Taiwan's national health insurance system.] 讓台灣都市快速「美國化」，帶動了其後二十年房地產的勃發，但也造成重劃區氾濫閒置、餘屋至今難以消化的種種弊端。 "led to the rapid Americanization of Taiwan's cities and more than 20 years of real estate prosperity, but also caused lasting problems such as rezoned land sitting unused, and excess housing." [They are talking about the problems with Taiwan's town planning system.] 建築在石化基礎上的工業化農作制度，弊端多多， "The system of industrialized agriculture built on a foundation of petroleum is obviously riddled with flaws." [Again, it's a *system* that has a problem.] |
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- 弊端 弊端 [bi4 duan1] /malpractice/abuse/corrupt practice/ # + 弊端 弊端 [bi4 duan1] /malpractice/abuse/corrupt practice/drawback/disadvantage/ + 弊端 弊端 [bi4 duan1] /systemic problem (sometimes refers specifically to corrupt practices)/ |