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Change log entry 88636
Processed by: richwarm (2025-03-02 20:40:08 UTC)
Comment: << review queue entry 81349 - submitted by 'agedits' >>
Updated the pinyin to v2, using these rules from GB/T 16159-2012:

4.2.2 Position words that occur after nouns are to be written separately.

shān shàng 山上 ‘on the mountain’
shù xià 树下 ‘under the tree’
mén wài 门外 ‘outside the door’
mén wàimian 门外面 ‘outside of the door’
hé li 河里 ‘in the river’
hé lǐmian 河里面 ‘in the river’
huǒchē shàngmian 火车上面 ‘on the train’

and therefore

shìshí shàng (事实上) – "in fact"

It is NOT a fused expression like in

hǎiwài (海外) – "overseas" (not hǎi de wàimian)
kōngzhōng (空中) – "in the air"
dìxia (地下) – "underground"

and it is consistent with similar phrases like

lǐlùn shàng (理论上) – "In theory"
jīchǔ shàng (基础上) – "On the basis of"
zhèngcè shàng (政策上) – "In terms of policy"
---------------------------

Editor: The virtually unanimous consensus of dictionaries is that 事实上 has become lexicalized. In ABC, 现代汉语规范词典, New Century, and Key, among others, the pinyin for 事实上 is written as a single word.
Diff:
# - 事實上 事实上 [shi4 shi2 shang4] /in fact/in reality/actually/as a matter of fact/de facto/ipso facto/
# + 事實上 事实上 [[shi4shi2 shang4]] /in fact/in reality/actually/as a matter of fact/de facto/ipso facto/
By MDBG 2025
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