| Change log entry 85006 | |
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| Processed by: | richwarm (2024-06-24 21:04:56 UTC) |
| Comment: |
<< review queue entry 78440 - submitted by 'encn' >> it's a noun rather than a verb, and may be contrasted with 科班/举班, which are also nouns, meaning 科举出身的官吏. i still insist this entry should be deleted. 捐班 juānbān [名]（～儿）＜旧＞（⇔科班kēbān）清代に，金銭を国家に献納して官位を授けられた人．▶科挙試験に及第して官位に就いた人と区別していう． 我最不放心者是捐班，他们素不读书，将本求利，廉之一字，诚有难言。我既说捐班不好，何以又准开捐?” ---------------------------------- Editor: I have read through the discussion between you and kbaiko. I have also investigated a bit further myself. Quite a few dictionaries define 捐班 as a person (a "noun", as you put it) – someone who obtained their position through donations. But there is usage that suggests it's also a verb. In the following example, it's used firstly as a verb (obtain one's position through donations) and later as a noun (a person who obtains their position through donations). 中国古代官场得官之一途就是“捐官”，即花钱买官。捐官又称“捐纳”，“捐班”，“捐输”，“捐前程”等等。 [...] “我最不放心的是捐班，他们素不读书，将本求利，廉之一字，诚有难言。” https://www.163.com/dy/article/HM4N2G1H0553TEC1.html (The latter usage was quoted in your submission, of course.) The proposition that it's a verb as well as a noun is also supported by other examples quoted below, such as 捐班出身的官儿. There is also the following dictionary that defines 捐班 as a verb: 新时代汉英大词典 "捐班 juānbān [动] (史) to get an official post through contributions to the government (instead of through the imperial examination, esp in the Qing Dynasty) || 捐班出身 to have started one's official career by getting an official post through monetary contributions." Another definition reads as follows: 捐班 : 清代指不通过科举考试而向官府捐纳银钱换取官职 Here are kbaiko's examples from recently published historical novels: >“王中丞虽是捐班出身，也读过书的；他跟我讲史记上赵氏孤儿的故事，他说，守城守不住，不过一死而已，容易；到上海办米就跟‘立孤’一样比较难。 >捐班出身的官儿，戴到红顶子，极不容易；买卖人戴红顶子，更是绝无仅有的事； >遇见一个在湖北候补，而到上海来出差的捐班知县，名叫周理堂 >姓吕的是捐班知县，原在江苏候补；胡参赞家住吴江，密迩苏州，因此，信上虽写了吴江的地址 >甲 我还得问问，你爸爸做官，是前清为官，是民国为官？是军功、效力？捐班儿、行伍？实缺、候补？是替别人当，还是冒充呢？ * * * Here is one other source that I noticed just now: 捐班 1) стар. купить пост; покупка должностей; 2) купивший пост (чин) чиновник; чиновник на купленной должности https://zh.wiktionary.org/zh-hant/%E6%8D%90%E7%8F%AD ... which ChatGPT translates as 1) (old) to buy a post; purchasing positions; 2) an official who bought a post (rank); an official in a purchased position |
| Diff: |
- 捐班 捐班 [[juan1ban1]] /(old) to obtain an official position through financial contributions (instead of passing the imperial examination)/ # # Editor: + 捐班 捐班 [[juan1ban1]] /(old) to obtain an official position through financial contributions (instead of passing the imperial examination); a person who has done so/ |