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Change log entry 64566
Processed by: richwarm (2017-11-03 21:34:45 GMT)
Comment: << review queue entry 61174 - submitted by 'richwarm' >>
I added "or fungal spore" because my understanding is that a spore is not a microorganism, but rather a "typically one-celled, reproductive unit"

This guy says 菌種 refers to "species" and 菌株 means "strain" but in practice people use 菌種 to mean both:
菌種, 指的是 species. 關於細菌的種, ... 菌株, 指的是 strain,
https://bitesizemicrobook.wordpress.com/2013/08/23/%E8%8F%8C%E7%A8%AE%E8%88%87%E8%8F%8C%E6%A0%AA%E6%9C%89%E4%BB%80%E9%BA%BC%E4%B8%8D%E5%90%8C/

目前國際上就有四百九十個菌種中心,專門收藏保存各種微生物。十五年前,經濟部食品工業研究所轄下也成立「菌種中心」,保護、收藏真菌與細菌,菌種中心除進行分離、鑑定菌株,並提供、出售菌種給研究單位與民間業者。
At present there are 490 microbiological culture centers internationally which specialize in collecting and maintaining all kinds of micro-organisms. Fifteen years ago the CCRC was set up to collect and preserve fungi and bacteria. As well as isolating and authenticating microbial strains, the center also supplies microbes to research establishments and private industry.

陳瑋婕解釋,菇類栽培有別於一般傳統農作物,屬於精緻農業,具有專業分工與勞力密集的特性,產業鏈由上至下分別是:「太空包製造廠」負責製作香菇栽培介質並植入菌種,
Mushroom growing, explains Chen, is different from traditional crops. It's an elaborate form of agriculture: it is labor intensive and highly specialized. The production chain, from top to bottom, includes the manufacture of the mushroom growing medium which is inoculated with spawn.

細菌卻也產生了抗藥性的菌種。
but bacteria have mutated to resist antibiotics.

大腸桿菌、口蹄疫等有害菌種都會消滅,
Harmful microorganisms such as E. coli and the foot-and-mouth virus are destroyed.

在「段木」上鑿洞、施以菌種,再不斷上下翻轉。
[In the fall experienced mushroom farmers] drill holes in the trunks, plant spores in them and then turn them over and over.

並且在密閉槽中大量繁殖這兩種菌種。
and breeding these two types of bacteria in huge numbers in sealed vats

抗藥菌種的產生, the creation of drug-resistant bacterial strains,

並篩選新型微生物菌種及酵素,來解決技術瓶頸。
and identifying new microorganisms and enzymes to solve the technological impasse.

培養出某些特異菌種來破壞纖維素,
to cultivate special strains of organisms to break down cellulose,

4~5個月後菌種即成熟,
Four to five months later, when the spawn have matured

自前年起,農試所菇類研究室從國內外廣泛收集香菇菌種,
Two years ago, the ARI's Mushroom Laboratory began collecting shiitake spores from Taiwan and abroad,

他向舅舅要來菌種在家試種,
asked his uncle for some mushroom spawn to grow at home as an experiment.

3個月後,他從二十多種菌種中,
Three months later, he was in a position to make a shortlist of varieties from the 20 or more strains available for his purpose:

為了研究適合釀醋的菌種,蔡福良將各種原料暴露在戶外,收集空氣中的各式菌種,再改變培養環境的酸鹼值,
Seeking the best yeast for making vinegar, Tsai first collected a variety of wild strains by exposing several ingredients to outdoor air. He cultured these yeasts,

經年累月使用的陶缸,毛細孔中已有許多菌種,
Over time, the ceramic vats accumulate various microorganisms in their pores,

相反地,今年初埔里香菇在養菌期因寒流過多,讓需要在攝氏22度氣溫才能孳生的菌種直接「冷死」。
On the flip side, excessive cold air currents in early 2011 caused shiitake spores in Puli, which need an air temperature of 22°C to propagate, to "freeze to death."
Diff:
# 菌種 菌种 [jun1 zhong3] /species (or strain) of microorganism or fungal spore/
+ 菌種 菌种 [jun1 zhong3] /species or strain of microorganism/
By MDBG 2024
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